tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15047808427995338982023-11-15T10:52:08.296-08:00Essay writing tips universityCollege Admission Essay Helpjb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-48815532530080972282020-08-23T01:08:00.001-07:002020-08-23T01:08:27.631-07:00Auto Industry in CanadaTo completely comprehend why Canada is one the wealthiest countries on the planet, we have to give specific consideration to Canadas monetary history. The monetary history of our nation has been set apart by numerous significant occasions that have made ready for an effective financial future. A concise monetary history of Canada would give specific consideration to significant occasions, for example, the financial blast of the 1920s, the dull occasions of the 1930s; the Second World War during the 1940s and to likewise not overlook the significant exchange understandings, for example, the auto agreement and the NAFTA.Despite the previously mentioned significant occasions, Canadian economy has additionally been enormously impacted by its own financial parts. Our economy has experienced through significant changes during the previous 3 decades. One of the components that enormously affected the economy of Canada has been that of the car business. The car business was conceived in the early long periods of the twentieth century and it has from that point forward, extended rapidly. (White, 2007, p. 3) The development has end up being financially productive and furthermore fruitless at times.This paper will look at the prudent and political effects of the vehicle business in Canada during the previous years, by giving exceptional consideration to the monetary provincial lopsidedness, the auto settlement, the North American Free Trade Agreement and furthermore the move in the Canadian auto showcase, from American automakers to the Japanese automakers during the previous three decades. The car business extended Canadas economy by expanding the work levels, the improvement of streets and added to an expansion in incomes because of licenses and fuel fees.It additionally reinforced the conservative relationship with our neighbors toward the south and has likewise improved the economy of the southern regions as it is intensely gathered in the territory of Ontario with si gnificant get together plants in Windsor and Oshawa. The primary vehicle was created in 1888 by Karl Benz in Germany, where as in Canada Å"commercial creation didn't being until after 1900 (White,2007, p. 5) Many Canadian automakers attempted their karma however just some succeeded, as the vehicle showcase in Canada was surpassed by the United States in the beginning times of its production.It is critical to comprehend that the start of the car business is firmly associated with that of the United States. Numerous individuals connect the formation of the car business in Canada with the American automaker Ford. The structure of the American automakers is totally not the same as that of the Europeans and this was set from the get-go throughout the entire existence of the vehicle creation. The Germans and the French form quality and current vehicles which must be managed by the rich, where as the Americans were looked by a monetary difficulty accordingly they assemble vehicles that g eneral society everywhere could bear, at a less expensive quality than the Europeans.As White states during the 1920s the business hit its sweet spot, extending with the end goal that Canada turned into the second-biggest maker of autos on the planet. (2007, p. v) The car changed numerous parts of the lives of Canadians. The vehicle gave Canadians the recreation they didnt have before the 1920s. Presently they had the option to travel significant distances serenely, to secure positions far away from home as now it was simpler to get the opportunity to work. The vehicle additionally took into consideration the development of the hard surface streets. Norrie at al expresses that by the 1928, there were 8600 km of cement or macadamized streets in the territory (2008, pg. 89) As the quantity of vehicles per individual expanded so did the quantity of authorized vehicles in Canada. Norrie et al expresses that by 1923 the quantity of vehicles in Canada had ascended to about 1. 2 million (2008, p. 288) Employment rates were consistently increasing with the ascent in the quantity of fabricated vehicles in Canada. The opening of large plants all through Canada in urban areas, for example, Windsor and Oshawa firmly added to higher business rates. In 1920 the normal number of workers in the car producing industry was 8,281 where as after 6 years it expanded to 11,905. The sun life confirmation organization, 1956, p. 3 table 1) Even right up 'til the present time just about 90 years after the fact, these urban communities are vigorously relied upon the work by the automakers. The expansion in work added to an increment in the ways of life of Canadians. Additionally government incomes expanded with the development of the car business. They needed to figure out how to keep up the streets along these lines permitting and gas expenses were presented. The automakers didn't just expand the way of life of the individuals in the southern areas yet they bigly affected the wester n territories also.Agriculture was one of the numerous mechanical segments that profited by the automakers. With vehicles being constructed it was currently simpler for the ranchers to sell their items in the market. They currently had an increasingly agreeable approach to travel and this made their occupations simpler. Likewise the presentation of the ranch tractors was a major assistance in the agribusiness business. The homestead tractors expanded harvest amounts and animals volume. The tractor was an extraordinary development as it was increasingly proficient and less tedious. One of the negative effects of the car business in Canada is that of the territorial monetary lopsided characteristics between the provinces.With the assembling being intensely gathered in Ontario, different regions of Canada don't get a similar financial yield as Ontario does. Å"Ontario is considered by a wide margin the wealthiest territory. The territory produces very nearly 50 percent of Canadas GDP wh ich converts into a stunning 675 billion dollars. Numerous experts depict Ontario as the powerhouse of Canada and a genuine contender in North America just as globally (Ohmae, 73) The assembling plants are arranged in the southern territory so they could be nearer to their parent American organizations. The fare of the produced vehicles has additionally expanded the GDP of the country.This likewise shows that with the most occupations being in Ontario, Canadas populace is intensely moved in Ontario as the region offers greater work openings. Å"Between the long stretches of 1981 to 1995, Ontarios sends out, principally in the United States, nearly quadrupled from $38 billion to $140 billion. Fares to different territories multiplied however when we contrast sends out with the remainder of the world as opposed to the remainder of Canada the fares dropped from 28 percent to under 20 percent Å"(Courchene, 278). The above figures show that Ontario is sending out more to the remainder o f the world than the other provinces.When it comes to trading to different nations, Ontario trades more to the United States than some other nation on the planet. Ontario is in an ideal situation financially on the grounds that other significant enterprises are situated in the areas. Businesses, for example, the media transmission industry are additionally situated in Ontario. Along these lines with this being stated, Ontario is for the most part relied upon the United States as opposed to on different areas. The car business extended during the 1920s as of now referenced in this exposition. A valid justification for this was simply the way that Canadians were purchasing vehicles, since they were a hot product during those years.The automobile industry was constantly ruled by the United States and never by the Canadians and this is the reason numerous individuals wonder if the car business in Canada is really Canadian. The second monetary blast for the automobile producers were the years after the Second World War. After the war creation expanded as request had the option to meet gracefully. The business moved into a time of development and thriving after the war. White expresses: the quantity of traveler vehicles created rose from practically none toward the finish of the war to 193, 000 of every 1949. (2007, p. 71) However during the 1950s the European vehicle creators ook the high ground as they had set up great creation innovation. With this innovation they had the option to create less expensive and littler vehicles, in this way interest for the American auto advertise began going down. Anything that influenced the United States, influenced Canada as we were their greatest vehicle produce. In the event that the American auto advertise was to go down, the Canadian economy would crash with them. To better the financial circumstance and to help the automobile business at home and to spare occupations and the live hood of numerous Canadians, Canada and the Un ited States marked the auto settlement in 1968.The Automotive Products Trade Agreement did not depend on facilitated commerce yet it did anyway expel levies on vehicles and car parts among Canada and the United States. It made fares between the two nations less expensive, in this way by raising Canadian fares into the United States. The auto settlement helped the two nations in managing the monetary circumstance at that point. Experts state that Canada received the most rewards from the auto settlement as the enormous 3 passage, general engines and Chrysler guaranteed that auto creation remained and extended in Canada.Employment expanded in Canada during the years that the auto agreement was still in power. Wallace expresses that the auto settlement was eliminated in 2001 as its arrangement were managed to repudiate WTO guidelines by preferring specific partnerships (2002, p. 114) The auto agreement is additionally perhaps the best model that shows the administrations mediation in t he commercial center. The auto settlement shows that it was fundamental for the legislature to intercede in getting the economy out and ensuring that business levels didn't go down.The economy additionally extended as a result of the North American Free Trade Agreement marked in 1994 between USA Canada and Mexico. The North American Free Trade Agreement made the ways with the expectation of complimentary exchange between the 3 nations to guarantee monetary success for North America. Taking into account that the United States is our greatest exporter and we send out 80 % of our merchandise to our neighbors in the south, it was monetarily astute to make such a significant advance. The countrys GDP has consistently developed recoil the usage of the exchange agreement.According to the association for financial co-activity and improvement C jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-30467561986148810112020-08-21T22:50:00.001-07:002020-08-21T22:50:28.316-07:00To what extent have the decline of the traditional career and the EssayWhat exactly degree have the decay of the conventional vocation and the qrowth of non-standard work courses of action prompted a key move in the idea of the psych - Essay Example There is proof of considerable changes in work and occupation profiles. The issues included have broad ramifications. This could prompt expanded polarization of the work power, pay abberations which is very obvious now, and new types of social avoidance. It may not be the finish of work however its lessening as far as personal satisfaction and of working life will boomerang. Have there been a decrease of the conventional profession and the development of non-standard work courses of action and has this prompted a key move in the idea of the mental agreement. This paper investigates what could have been and what is. What is an agreement? Agreements are a universal and restricting element found in associations the world over. A Contract fills in as a bond that unites representatives and managers together to accomplish the authoritative objective. Albeit large scale inquire about has given some consideration to the investigation of agreements, for example, by Williamson, 1975 (Robinson, Kraatz, and Rousseau, Changing Obligations and the Psychological Contract: A Longitudinal Study, Research Notes) 2, an intricate examination or spotlight on the exploration on this field leaves a great deal to be wanted. ââ¬Å"Technological progression is thought to be the most powerful driver of progress. Innovation will make new openings and change existing work to higher aptitude levels, or data innovation will obliterate employments or debase them into less talented, progressively routine work (Changing Nature of Work 1999). The boundless lack of IT laborers proposes that employments are being made for an enormous scope. Specialist reviews demonstrate that abilities and duties have expanded because of advanced innovation (Changing Nature of Work 1999)â⬠(Kalleberg, NON-STANDARD EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS: Part-time, Temporary and Contract Work, www.cete.org, alluded on 16.04.2006)3. ââ¬Å"Martin and Butler (2000) found boundless understanding in the writing that the old work contract is dead or jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-1507920214260169992020-07-09T22:40:00.001-07:002020-07-09T22:40:02.028-07:00What Are Expository Essay Introduction Samples?What Are Expository Essay Introduction Samples?Expository essay introduction samples are usually a part of the writing courses at most colleges and universities, and they provide the chance for you to practice writing an essay before having to put it to paper. While essay writing is more than just reading, writing and summarizing the material, the sample essay is used as a kind of an exercise to familiarize the readers with the rules of grammar and the structure of the essay.The essay that you write for an expository essay introduction sample should be composed in such a way that it makes the readers want to read it again, and not just because it was published online. You need to make your essay flow. Don't think about grammar, but think about how you can make the sentences you use to make your story more enjoyable to read and make them flow smoothly.The introduction of an expository essay is also a time for you to tell a story. It should start out with a description of who you are, why you want to write this essay, what the story is about, and how the story develops. Make sure that you present the story to the reader without interrupting the flow of the story. Also, take some time to explain how the story will unfold, and how you want the story to end.While writing your expository essay introduction samples, take some time to think about how to present the information you have presented in a good manner. That means, you need to structure the essay properly, and then summarize it. Don't just tell the story, make sure that you've made the reader want to know more about the topic.You might find that expository essay introduction samples are not enough if you want to write an extremely long essay. In this case, you can ask for the assistance of an editor or a writer. You can also hire a professional editor or a ghostwriter, who can help you improve your writing skills.There are many types of expository essay sample, some are more expensive than others. You can fin d samples that are free only for access to the author's site. However, the more expensive ones are usually those that you will be given by the college or university where you plan to study.Most of these expository essay introduction samples are free, but there are some that do require payment. These will be samples of essays that were written by the author, which are normally very good. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-26766797121782415402020-05-19T23:24:00.001-07:002020-05-19T23:24:05.549-07:00Modern Times By Charlie Chaplin Essay - 1706 Words My example that I will be using is Modern Times by Charlie Chaplin. Modern times is a film developed after the industrial revolution. It serves the purpose of critiquing capitalism and the social world. Modern Times begin with a factory worker who starts developing anxiety through the lack of breaks and repetitive work. When the Worker is on break, his boss is always keeping an eye on him and demands him to go back to work due to the loss of production. Soon after, the factory worker goes on lunch break, but is again distracted by his boss due to the desire to try out a new lunch contraption. At first, the new technology seems to work since the factory Worker was being fed. But, after a few seconds the contraption goes haywire and starts hurting the worker. The factory Worker goes back to work, but suddenly starts to mess up. He goes around ruining all his co-workersââ¬â¢ work and even get himself in prison. However, he ends up saving all the cops from the inmatesââ¬â¢ revoluti on and is released early from jail. He does not want to leave since he is treated properly in jail and will be homeless in the outside world. He tries to get himself in prison again, but meets a beautiful woman Gamin who is also homeless and workless. They run off together and commit burglaries to feed themselves, but is soon discovered by the police. They manage to escape and run off to live in a small house by themselves. The factory Worker and the Gamin decides to have lunch together, but finds out that aShow MoreRelatedModern Times By Charlie Chaplin1454 Words à |à 6 Pagesreconstruction, war, to industrialization and the Great Depression. These were hard times in America and frankly Iââ¬â¢m glad I do not have to live through it. From the film Modern Times by Charlie Chaplin we get an inside look at how one felt and experienced during the 1930ââ¬â¢s. I clearly feel this movie captured the essence of what today people think about today of the 1930ââ¬â¢s, Industrializa tion and the Great Depression. It is at this time that the hard-working class citizen is highlighted. Letââ¬â¢s begin with aRead MoreCharlie Chaplin s Modern Times900 Words à |à 4 Pagesfilms was almost finished, Charlie Chaplin completed his last silent movie, called ââ¬Å"Modern Timesâ⬠. The title of the movie itself gives a hint about the changes that human kind would be facing in the future. While watching the movie, the audience is inundated with the ideas of dehumanization of humans in the factories, the ââ¬ËFordismââ¬â¢ ideology, the struggle to earn bread, and many more. Instead of conveying this powerful social message in harsh and serious tone, Charlie Chaplin has blended right amountRead MoreModern Times Directed By Charlie Chaplin892 Words à |à 4 Pages In the film Modern Times directed by Charlie Chaplin, like most of society Chaplinââ¬â¢s Tramp character yearns for a slice of the ââ¬Å"American Dream.â⬠Struggling to conform to societal norms, the Tramp unsuccessfully attempts to reach the upper-middle-class bliss that he desires. In hi s endeavors, the Tramp ends up in jail but ironically, it is in the confinement of prison where the Tramp feels most comfortable and that his individuality is best appreciated. I will argue that through his use of strategicRead MoreStructure Of Modern Times By Charlie Chaplin1574 Words à |à 7 PagesHierarchy in a modern capitalist society can be seen in the form of corporations through the capitalist division of labor. In the essay ââ¬Å"What do bosses do? The origins and functions of hierarchy in capitalist productionâ⬠, Stephen A. Marglin argues that Adam Smithââ¬â¢s capital division of labor was not due to technological efficiency, but rather due to economic superiority created through hierarchy and specialization in the market. Marglin points out the reasons why hierarchy exists, which is to maximizeRead MoreEssay on Metropis by Fritz Lang and Modern Times by Charlie Chaplin974 Words à |à 4 PagesDiscuss Fritz Langs Metropolis and Charlie Chaplins Modern Times Very few movies portray the relationship between the government and civilian masses during trying moments such as Fritz Langs ââ¬Å"Metropolisâ⬠, and Charlie Chaplins ââ¬Å"Modern Timesâ⬠. These are two critically acclaimed films made in the late 1920ââ¬â¢s and mid 1930ââ¬â¢s. The time period captured is the great depression, and examine the role of the governing authorities in relation to those governed. ââ¬Å"Metropolisâ⬠simply passes as one of the originalRead MoreFritz Lang s Metropolis And Charlie Chaplin s Modern Times897 Words à |à 4 Pages In Fritz Langââ¬â¢s Metropolis and Charlie Chaplinââ¬â¢s Modern Times both use scenes that depict subjects in their films such as poverty, revolts, and homelessness to show the viewer what workers dealt with in our society in that time period. While watching the film of Modern Times that starred Charlie Chaplin, the film showed that the worker (Chaplin) was not only being treated unfairly but also worked to his limit. Metropolis also touched on this subject when the son of the leader of Metropolis venturedRead MoreA Day without Laughter is a Day Wasted by Charlie Chaplin816 Words à |à 3 Pagesday wasted.â⬠It was a simple but popular quote of Charlie Chaplin, one of the most famous actors as well as director and scriptwriter in the American Modernism Era. With a rags-to-riches story, Chaplin had overcome all the obstacles to become a Comedy King, represented an American Dream coming true. Charles Spencer Chaplin, Chaplinââ¬â¢s full name, was born in London, England, on April 16th, 1889. In a family of both parents who were entertainers, Chaplin spent his early years with his mother, who had noRead More Charlie Chaplin Essay1553 Words à |à 7 Pages Charlie Chaplin did not use sound to communicate to the audience in his movies. Despite the fact that there was no spoken language, his movies were sensational and the audiences loved them. Chaplin was thought of as cinemaââ¬â¢s first genius and has been called the single most-influential artist in the history of motion pictures. I am researching Charlie Chaplin to learn how he became a sensational comedian and one of the best actors of all time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Chaplin is considered asRead MoreAn Exploration Of The Great Dictator1354 Words à |à 6 PagesTHE GREAT DICTATOR (1940) 1 AN EXPLORATION OF THE GREAT DICTATOR (1940) 2 An Exploration of Charlie Chaplin s Influences, Symbolism, and Use of Sound in The Great Dictator (1940) Vincent G. Foisy Cleveland State University. An Exploration of Charlie Chaplin?s Influences, Symbolism, and Use of Sound in The Great Dictator (1940) In the early 1900?s, Charlie Chaplin became one of the most famous filmmakers in American history. His clumsy portrayal of The Little Tramp in manyRead MoreThreat Of Talkies994 Words à |à 4 Pagessound to the audience, and life to the films. This would soon change starting with the growing popularity to use soundtracks, instead of hired piano players, to accompany the film. Later leading to the use of full sound throughout the picture. Chaplin, who had acquired fame and fortune from his work as a silent film actor and director, was reluctant to make the move to full sound. Undoubtedly, he must have wondered whether or not his film craft could survive the transition into the sound era. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-5670329874378456462020-05-06T22:43:00.001-07:002020-05-06T22:43:32.786-07:00Strategic Planning Strategic And Tactical Planning In my facility, we take a regimented approach to strategic and tactical planning. There are usually multiple committees formed and operational at any given time, addressing various operational and clinical organizational needs. The committee meetings are highly structured in their approach to identifying the problem, brainstorming for potential solutions, and determining implementation and monitoring/feedback methods. After each meeting, a document is created to ââ¬Å"map outâ⬠the short and long term goals and identify the staff responsible for implementation and monitoring. This document serves to literally keep everyone on the same page during the entire process. As goals are met and feedback is obtained, the committee continues to meet to make any necessary modifications or adjustments to ensure progress continues towards achieving the identified goal. This strategic planning process is very similar to the one depicted in our textbook. According to Hebda and Czar (2013), the first steps are to identify the strategic planning team and the goals and scope of the project. My facility accomplishes this by forming a committee and immediately identifying the purpose and goals of that committee. The committee model is fully embraced by my organization as a means to achieve its organizational goals. The next steps according to Hebda and Czar (2013) are to gather data and perform an analysis of internal and external environments. These steps allow the team to identify trendsShow MoreRelatedStrategic Planning : Strategic And Tactical Planning874 Words à |à 4 Pagesgoals is through planning. Every plan needs to operate like a map to success. Strategic and tactical planning, when used correctly, represent planning models that can lead companies forward toward the vision of their leaders, and the attainment of the goals those leaders have developed. Strategic and tactical planning work together. Strategic planning focuses on the big picture, and tactical planning supports that big picture by focusing on various items within it. Strategic Planning Once a leaderRead MoreLeadership Strategies For A Leader1116 Words à |à 5 Pages There are two different types of planning that can be used in the process of setting goals. They are similar in the sense that they both align and unify efforts. However, they are quite different in their scope of influence and they are utilized at different times during the process. Strategic planning is the first type. It is very broad in its scope and focuses on the long term direction of the entire organization (Simerson, 2011, p. 3). This type of planning may include outlines for 15 to 20 yearsRead MoreStrategic Planning Within Ge927 Words à |à 4 PagesThe strategic planning process is the formulation of the companyââ¬â¢s major objectives and execution plans. This process is of particular interest in GE. Strategy formulation is the process of choosing the best methods for a company where customer needs; competitive position and internal capability are the three factors that play the main role in strategic planning. Every manager needs to have at least a simple notion of st rategic planning to formulate his strategic plans. Strategic Planning is a wideRead MoreA Look Into Halliburtons Planning Strategies1428 Words à |à 6 PagesManagement Planning Paper: A Look into Halliburtonââ¬â¢s Planning Strategies Michael-Paul Battle University of Phoenix October 8, 2009 Management Planning Paper Halliburton is one of the largest providers of products and services to the oil and gas industry. Contributing to the success at Halliburton are 50,000 employees that work in over 70 different countries (Halliburton, 2009). What began in 1919 after borrowing a wagon, some mules and a mixer, has become a successful business by focusing onRead MoreObjectives And Objectives Of Strategic Planning884 Words à |à 4 Pagesa plan so as to achieve financial goals. Effective planning is an essential element if a company is to successfully employ change management and implement new processes and procedures that will adjust organization functions and operational assignments in order to meet the desired outcomes. Different methodologies for planning exist to meet the specific needs within organizations. The most common planning approaches include strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency plans (Hartzell). EvenRead MoreStrategic Goals And Tactical Goals Essay1293 Words à |à 6 Pa gesmiscommunication. Therefore, by setting strategic goals and tactical goals can organizations create strategic communication. Strategic goals within organizations, let leaders set goals for overall objectives for their organization; therefore, communication organization goals. While tactical goals achieve departmental objectives in the context of overall strategic goals. One of the utmost important direction is leadership to employee communication. Strategic Planning Tools Strategic goals should link into theirRead MoreHid Case Study961 Words à |à 4 Pagesnot yet established. It is still not clear which places they will penetrate. HID is not yet ready to formulate their strategic plan because of the fact that they are not even uniformly informed of the companyââ¬â¢s mission. . They need to align have to resolve first their company mission/vision and then develop their strategic plans make their company goals followed by tactical and operational goals.. In addition to this, the company also need to consider its resources. 2. If I were Keith, IRead MoreManagement and Company1091 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe following: â⬠¢ Evaluate the planning function of management as it relates to the organizationââ¬â¢s goals and strategies. Use steps in the planning process outlined in the text. â⬠¢ Analyze the influence that legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility have had on management planning at BP. Provide at least one example for each. â⬠¢ Analyze at least three factors that influence the company s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. Planning Part of the management functionRead MoreGoals And Objectives Of Southwest Airlines1048 Words à |à 5 Pagesthree types of goals that can be set by any given organization, and these goals are arranged in a hierarchy from top to bottom. Achieving the low-level goals that become a means of achieving the higher-level goals; strategic, tactical and operational goals (Davis, 1996). Strategic goals are set by those in top management and also mainly meant for the top echelons of an organization that are concerned with the main objectives of an organization. Take for instance Southwest Airlines, the main objectiveRead MoreBusiness Intelligence-Business / Alignment With The Business Strategy775 Words à |à 4 Pages(TPS), and Online Transactional Processing (OLTP) systems. This academic paper will discuss Business Intelligence, (IT)-Business/ Alignment with the Business Strategy. Also, there will be an initiative to describe both objectives and levels of strategic planning, including, how each can be supported by (DDS). Initially, we begin by discussion of Business Intelligence (BI). Summary Most companies several years ago probably choose to extend their traditional Information Systems (IS), outward to include jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-54880537112182757322020-05-06T07:06:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:06:06.126-07:00Differing Social Classes free essay sample This paper analyzes four aspects by which people are easily divided into classes sex, income, race and education. It attempts to show which lessons can be learned from these stereotypes. The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the differences in four social classes: lower, working, middle, and upper, based on income, race, sex, and education and to show how these clear divisions in society lead to stereotypes, social expectations and limitations. From the paper: Differences in each of the four classes are marked when income is the factor differentiating them. 11.3 per cent of Americans live in poverty, and can be considered part of the lower and working classes. In the U.S. today, 16 percent of the population falls into the lower class. Thirty-eight per cent fall into the working, or blue-collar class. Forty-four per cent fall into the middle and upper middle class, and 2 per cent fall into the upper class. We will write a custom essay sample on Differing Social Classes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The lower and often working classes are often characterized as less educated. They tend to live in urban areas, and do not own their own homes. The middle and upper classes tend to own their own homes, often are two-career couples by choice, and usually live in less urban and more rural areas or suburbs of larger cities. They are usually better educated than the lower and working classes, often with advanced college degrees. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-13002110934455587322020-04-22T19:40:00.001-07:002020-04-22T19:40:03.287-07:00Spelling 10-23 Essays - Cereals, Energy Conservation, Roofs Spelling 10-23 5. The face under a patch of graying hair was flabby, and it held two eyes trapped in a spider web of weary lines. 6. Dogs, hollow-bellied and dispirited, sprawled in the dust and that country lay behind the twisted arms of the surrounding thorn trees like an abandoned theatrical backdrop tarnished and yellow. 7. The full bodied and strong sunlight had begun to warm the drab colors of the hut, and I reached over and blew out the flame of the hurricane lamp. 8. It was a tiny hut with the usual single window blocked with corrugated iron, the usual thatched roof drooping its old eaves like a rotted tree, and the usual earthen floor paved with the burnt match sticks, paper, and shreds of tobacco. 9. Laved with its icy steams, a country with its valleys choked with bracken and its hills clothed in the green heather that wandered Scotsmen sing about seems hardly Africa. 10. The Young man halts at my threshold draped in a warriors's shuka, wearing a belt of beads hung with a club and a sword in a bright red scabbard. Social Issues jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-70612368068135034292020-03-17T01:05:00.001-07:002020-03-17T01:05:02.350-07:00Micro financing your content strategyMicro financing your content strategy Blogs are proliferating at the astounding rate of over 100,000 per day. They reflect both the both urge to communicate and the changing face of marketing. Funding a blog can be challenging, especially when you are starting out. However, micro-financing web content promotion is possible ââ¬â so micro that it could be free!Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Micro financing your content strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More You may be blogging for the sheer joy of sharing your ideas, or to mobilize action on a favorite cause. Alternatively, you could be blogging for pay, promoting something you or someone else sells. Commercial blog is a growing category. These days, almost any product, service, or cause should probably have an associated website and blog to let prospective customers or supporters know about it. Such commercial bloggingââ¬â¢s growth reflects drastic changes in marketing. Many traditional chan nels for promotion such as network (and even cable) television, print periodicals, and broadcast radio, are giving way to online alternatives. Even print Yellow Pages effectiveness has fallen prey to the switch away from landlines (up to 75% of some demographic groups). These factors pose a challenge for you as a blogger. You face a challenge in alerting your target audience that your expertise exists. Your audience also needs to be able to find you from any and all devices. This, then, is where promoting your website content (as differentiated from promoting your product, idea, service, or cause, which the blog itself accomplishes) becomes crucial. How can you promote your website content cheaply? Some tools cost quite a bit, but others, happily, require no expenditure except of your time, energy, good writing, and marketing acumen. The most fashionable buzzword in web content promotion right now is ââ¬Ënative advertisingââ¬â¢. No less an eminence than the New York Times has announced native advertising for their online edition. A separate writing and production studio will ensure that only high quality ââ¬Å"continuously scrolling multimedia storytelling pagesââ¬Å" will accompany hard news, and look like them too, while promoting the advertiser.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This disturbingly parallels science fictionââ¬â¢s dystopian vision of future ads irritatingly tailored to a readerââ¬â¢s idiosyncratic preferences. Native advertising, however, while definitely cutting edge, still seems a bit high end, and you probably donââ¬â¢t possess a fully equipped studio like the Grey Lady of journalism! Now, can you accomplish something similar for little or no money? Yes, and here are several rules of thumb to keep your own website busily promoting itself. You need to generate content that is worth reading: If your blog pro motes without cessation, it will be decidedly unappealing. The challenge is to find new ways ââ¬â consistently to discuss topics related to your website content in ways that are useful to your readers. Solve problems, illuminate unanswered questions, untangle unresolved mysteries, amuse, instruct, and point your reader in new and hopeful, helpful directions. A really useful web page, like Thomas the Tankââ¬â¢s ââ¬Ëreally useful engineââ¬â¢, will be a happy place to which a reader will wish to return frequently. You need to learn what content your readers want so you can promote it better: This involves using social media to the maximum to connect with your readers. You can talk about your blog on Facebook, LinkedIn, and let your readers talk about it too. Just be careful not to impose on your contacts. This sort of interaction with your audience is termed SMO, or Social Media Optimization. You need to make yourself findable via SEO The webââ¬â¢s spider bots need you r help to find you. Use best SEO techniques to give them ample signals of your presence. Exploit all potential spots in your website to cleverly slide in keywords. Keyword choice is its own science, and it requires that you know what your readers are seeking (see above regarding reader interaction).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Micro financing your content strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Opportunities to feature your keywords pop up in a variety of places. These could include: Title tag The META description tag ââ¬â in the first 150 characters META keywords tag In headers and sub headers within the body of the text Content itself, with a density of no more than 3-5% keywords, with a ratio of one page of content for one keyword. Any text you have hyperlinked The ââ¬Ëbreadcrumbsââ¬â¢ you included to remind readers how they got to this page, e.g., writing/editing- resumes- prices Alt attribute s ââ¬â these describe embedded images for those readers who are using accessibility software Title attributes ââ¬â These clarify what an HTML element in your webpage does File names, whether of images or other files embedded in your webpage. In anything you do using SEO, you need to avoid imposing on your readers with too many keywords to allow for readability. The task of SEO-oriented copy-writing is not, by the way, a universal talent. There is no shame in not being able to create graceful text incorporating keywords attractively and unobtrusively. You can get help on this task from a global pool of talented writers, at shamefully low rates of pay. The important function of promoting your web content can be micro-financed. If you can afford native advertising on other webpages ââ¬â wonderful. However, cheaper options exist. You will need to invest some energy and creativity, and exploit all the available SEO and SMO tools, but the result ââ¬â increasing traffic, s hould be worth the investment. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-10293448327663009502020-02-29T15:29:00.001-08:002020-02-29T15:29:04.230-08:00Beat Street Beat Street Is a 1984 drama film, following Wild Style In featuring New York City hip hop culture of the early 1 sass; breakfasting, Digging, and graffiti. Set in the South Bronx, the film follows the lives of a pair of brothers and their group of friends, all of whom are devoted to various elements of early hip-hop culture. Kenny Kirkland (Guy Davis) Is a budding disc jockey and MAC, and his younger brother Lee (Robert Taylor) Is a hardcore b;boy who dances with Beat Street Breakers (the New York City Breakers).Jennys best friends are Ramona On Charities a graffiti artist known by his tag, Roam, and Collie (Leon W. Grant), his self-styled manager/promoter. The film begins with the mall characters preparing for a house party set in an abandoned apartment building, where Kenny Is the featured D]. An uninvited Lee and his break- dancing friends crash the party, and nearly get tangled into a battle with a rival troupe, the Bronx Rockers (the Rock Steady Crew). The battle of mostly words is broken up by Henry (Dean Elliot), a squatter who lives in the building and Is befriended by Kenny, Collie, Ramona. ND Luis (Franc Rexes). Kenny has dreams of performing in New York Citys top nightclubs. No club is bigger than the Rosy, and on one visit he crosses paths with Tracy Carlson (Rae Dawn Chon), a collegiate music student and composer. A breakneck battle between the Breakers and Rock Steady ensues, and Tracy admires Lees performance. She then Invites him to audition for a television show focusing on dancing. Lee, Kenny, and their crew arrive during a dance rehearsal, and Lee gives his performance only to find out he wont be on television.Protecting his brothers interests, Kenny rips into Tracy for leading Lee on; Ramona steals a videotape of Lees dance as the crew walk out. A remorseful Tracy hen shows up at the Kirkland home to apologize. Lee was not home but Kenny was, working on a mix tape. Tracy clarifies her story, saying that she did not promise to Lee that he was going to be on the TV show. She then takes an interest in Jennys mixing and the two find common ground. Kenny and Tracy then head into the subway, where they meet up with Lee, Ramona, and Luis spray painting an abandoned station platform.They pack up and leave when they hear noises, thinking it may be the police; it turned out to be a rogue graffiti artist known as Spit, who defaces Ramose work (and the work of other artists) by spraying his tag over It. As the group take the train back uptown, Kenny and Tracy break away and spend the rest of the evening together, striking up a romance while walking and talking. Collie talks Kenny into a guest spot at the Burning Spear, a club run by DC Cool Here. Kenny not only spins but presents a special Christmas-themed skit performed by the Treacherous Three, Doug E.Fresh, and the Magnificent Force. The crowds positive reaction convinces Cool Here to invite Kenny back. But both Kenny and Collie see the regular gig as a stepping stone to their bigger goal. They return to the Rosy, where auditions are being held for new talent. Collie convinces Kenny to let him do the talking, and waits for the auditions to end before he succeeds in getting the talent scout to check out Kenny at the Burning Spear. The scout keeps his word, and Is impressed enough that he offers Kenny a performance on New Years Eve.Tracy offers to help Kenny out by allowing pressed a wrong button and deleted his work. A stubborn Kenny then leaves the studio, saying he had enough material for New Years Eve. Meanwhile, Ramona is feeling pressure from two sources. His father Domingo (Shawn Elliot), who despises his graffiti, wants him to find honest work, while his girlfriend Carmen (Sandra Santiago), whos also the mother of his son, longs for them to be together as a family. Ramona eventually gets a Job in a hardware store, and he then takes Carmen and their baby to live with him in Henries building.But Ramona does not stop thinking of the subway trains that are his canvas. When he sees a white-painted one pass him by, he vows to put his mark on it. Later that evening, Ramona and Kenny find the train and proceed to paint one side of the lead car. When the get on the other side, their work is interrupted when Ramona hears noises-?it is Spit, defacing the completed side. Ramona and Kenny chase Spit through the tunnel and into a station, and a fight ensues. Spit sprays paint in Rayons eye, and both men tussle on the roadbed before they roll onto the electrified third rail, which kills them instantly.As the group mourn the death of their friend, Kenny considers not doing the New Years Eve show at the Rosy. But with the help of Tracy and despite initial reluctance from Collie, Kenny turns his big break into a celebration of Rayons life. The show is the films grand finale, starting with a rap performance by Kenny while slides of Ramona and his work were shown in the background. Kenny was followed by Grandmaster Melee Mel the Furious Five, and a Bronx gospel choir backed by dancers and breakers. Edit] Cast * Rae Dawn Chon Tracy Carlson * Guy Davis Kenny Double K Kirkland * Jon Chartist Ramona Roam * Leon W. Grant Collie * Sandra Santiago Carmen Carrot * Robert Taylor Lee Kirkland * Mary Alice Core Kirkland * Shawn Elliott Domingo * Jim Borealis Monte * Dean Elliot Henry * Franc Rexes Luis * Tanya Pippins Angela * Lee Chamberlain Alicia * Duane Jones Robert * DC Little Lieu Vega DC in Background in the club. * Africa Bumboat the Soul Sonic Force Themselves Doug E.Fresh Himself * New York City Breakers Themselves * Rock Steady Crew Themselves * Clive Cool Here Campbell Himself * Treacherous Three Themselves * Jazzy Jay Himself * Grandmaster Melee Mel the Furious Five Themselves Academe Harriso n was credited as High School Student in the directors cut of the film. However, his Some of the plot line was based on the New York City graffiti documentary Style Wars. Most visibly, the antagonist Spit in Beat Street was lifted from the real-life graffiti artist CAP MAC, who was portrayed in Style Wars.It was screened out of competition t the 1984 Cannes Film Festival. [l] [edit] Filming locations Beat Street was filmed entirely on location in New York City, in the boroughs of The Bronx, Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens. Several scenes were shot inside the citys subway system, both onboard trains and in stations, notably Hoyt-Shoehorning Streets, 57th Street-sixth Avenue, and Fresh Pond Road. Scenes were also filmed on the campus of the City College of New York, which includes the concert venue Aaron Davis Hall.Many of the internal dance sequences were filmed at the popular nightclub the Rosy, located in the Chelsea section of Manhattan. Most of the graffiti art that was displayed all throughout the film was not done by real graffiti artists-?it was airbrushed by set decorators. [edit] Musical performances and soundtrack Main article: Beat Street (soundtrack) There are several performances in the movie, notably from established early hip-hop groups Grandmaster Melee Mel the Furious Five, Doug E. Fresh, Africa Bumboat the Soul Sonic Force, and the Treacherous Three.As a member of the Treacherous Three, Cool Moe Dee also appeared in the film. It stands as one of the few media appearances he has ever made without his trademark sunglasses (a Tyler he had not yet adopted at the time). In addition to these acts, Guy Davis, who played Kenny, is also a blues musician in real life. The film also includes other musical performances from novice acts, such as Tina B and The System, both of whom appear on the soundtrack album. Though not featured on the album, there were also appearances by rapper Richard Lee Cisco and singers Bernard Fowler and Brenda K. Starr. Contrary to popular (internet legend) belief, The RAZZ of Www-Tang Clan was not actually in the movie. Some rumors have floated around the net stating that he is the guy in the black hat rhyming during the Rosy auditions scene. However, RAZZ has gone on the record stating he was not in the film. In fact, he would have only been 15 at the time Beat Street was filmed. The actor in the black hat appears to be markedly older than 15. At least three breakfasting battles between the New York City Breakers and the Rock Steady Crew were also included in the film. In addition, the Rosy audition scene features a pair of breakfasting boys known as the Fantastic Duo. This was the first American film to feature more than one soundtrack album. Originally, Atlantic Records, which released the soundtrack albums, had three volumes planned, but only two of these were released. The second volume was never released on compact disc. The trailer includes an alternate version of the title song performed by Cool Moe Dee, a version that was not featured in the movie or on the original soundtrack albums. E troubles of ghetto life are accurately captured in this cinematic time capsule, one of the first films to contain rap music. At the time, the rapping took a back seat to the break dancing and one of the many attributes of BEAT STREET is the authentic street moves on display. The locations also retain their street creed, with graffiti covering subway cars and abandoned buildings populating the mean streets. The story homeless out of the ghetto. Musician Harry Flatten teamed with David Picker to produce. Rapper Kenny and his break dancing brother Lee are up and coming soul artists.They only need a few good connections and one big break to make it. When they meet a beautiful college music professor, who can help them expand their horizons, everything starts to fall into place. The troubles of ghetto life are accurately captured in this cinematic time capsule, one concerns a group of Bronx teens using their dancing, rapping, and artistic skills to lift Storyline Jon Chartist plays a Puerco Rican youth who targets subway walls for his graffiti endearing. For a while, it looks as though Charladies problems will carry the plotting, but before long the films true raisin deter comes to the surface.Rap-music deejay Guy Davis, in tandem with such like-minded individuals as music student Rae Dawn Chon, endeavor to stage a huge breakfasting presentation, featuring several musical artistes of the period. Harry Flatten served as coppered. -? Hal Erickson, Rove. An upbeat, lets-put-on-a-show musical about the wonders of hip-hop music and culture that tells the story of Kenny, a young hip-hop artist living in the rough slums f the Bronx with his younger brother Lee and their mother Core. Kenny dreams of making it big as a disc Jockey and playing in the most swank of Manhattan nightclubs, the Rosy.Into their lives comes Tracy, a composer and assistant choreographer from the City College of New York, who inspires him to try to continue his dream while romance begins to grow between them, despite coming from different neighborhoods and worlds. Meanwhile, Lee is part of a break-dancing crew set on dominating the scene of their street. The rest of their friends include Ramona, a graffiti artist determined to spread his painting to every subway car in the city while leaning with his girlfriend Carmen and Collie, a fellow disc Jockey who becomes Jennys manager after he lands him a gig at a Bronx club.Many hip-hop groups, electro artists, break dancers, and Latin freestyle singers, who include Us Girls, the Treacherous Three, the System, the Rock Steady Crew, Africa Bumboat Soul Sonic Force and Shannon, the Magnificent Force, the New York City Breakers, Grand Master Melee Mel the Furious Five, Tina B. , Johnny B. Bad, and many more, make cameo appearances. Written by Matt Patty About 80% of the footage in the original theatrical trailer is not included in the final UT.Examples include Ramona getting his bag ripped off while walking with Kenny and Charlie, several battle outtakes including the classroom up-rocking scene, Ramo na on nightclub. Several other pieces of footage were included as well but were in freeze frame in the opening credits of the film. The trailer also includes an alternate version of title song performed by Cool Moe Dee, (who appears in the film in the Christmas Rapping' sequence with the rest of the Treacherous Three), which also did not appear in the movie nor on the original soundtrack albums.Share this Most of the graffiti art that was displayed all throughout the film was not done by real graffiti artists it was airbrushed by set decorators. Share this It was the producers idea for the main cast to wear Kananga hats and Puma sneakers all throughout production of the film even though many of the dancers felt that it wasnt authentic. Share this According to Fast Break (who appeared in the Treacherous Three sequence), there was a classroom up-rocking battle scene that involved the New York City Breakers and the Rock Steady Crew, but it was cut.There was also more of the climatic battle between the se two crews at the Rosy nightclub. Share this Crazy Legs later said that during the filming of the battle scene at the Rosy he wanted to battle to Jimmy Castors song Its Just Begun, but he was disappointed to find out that the crews were going to battle to a record called Breakers Revenge because of rights issues. Share this This project was sponsored by Puma. The original soundtrack Laps have the Puma logo printed on them, reading, Puma as seen in Beat Street. Share this This was the first American film to have more than one soundtrack album of music featured in a film released. Originally, three volumes of music were planned, but Atlantic Records only released two of them and the second volume was never released on compact disc. And get out of the South Bronx, the movie follows the youngsters over the holiday season of 83 when it looks like Kenny might finally catch that big break. Collie sets it up so Kenny can do a guest spot at the Burning Spear, where he not only spins a few records, he also presents a special Christmas-themed skit.Lee and his crew have a breakneck battle with a rival troupe, the Bronx Rockers (the Rock Steady Crew) at the Rosy nightclub one night and Tracy (Chon, Commando) asks him to come and audition for a show shes putting on at the city college. Ramona, whose graffiti tag is Roam is getting grief from his father (Shawn Elliot) about getting an honest Job and forgetting about drawing pictures on the walls around the neighborhood and from Carmen (Santiago, Miami Vice), his girlfriend and the mother of their baby who wants him to get them a place of their own.Roam gets great pleasure from sharing his art with the people of the city, he thinks that its great that his work is seen throughout many different boroughs. The only problem is a rival graffiti artist whose sprays his gag Spit all over everybody elses work. After a misunderstanding at the city college, Tracy tries to smooth things over with Lee and Kenny and gets romantically involved with Kenny. Collie uses Jennys success at the Burning Spear to get him the New Years Eve performance at the Rosy (the hottest nightclub in NYC).Ultimately, tragedy strikes the group and Kenny is uncertain whether he should go ahead and do the gig at the Rosy. As you can see, there are many plot treads throughout the movie and it present form, is a pretty good movie, but Id like to see a Directors Cut that restores al the excised footage, if it still even exists. I think that might make for a more focused movie, the scenes in the trailer seem to clarify a few things and theres a few more musical numbers, including one in a high school classroom. According to Wisped, Academe Harrison (A Different World, Rapping) had a small role in the movie that ended up being deleted entirely.Whats left is a decent enough movie, any dramatic flaws are compensated for with some great musical sequences The aforementioned Christmas skit at the Burning Spear, a club run by DC Cool Here, features the Treacherous Three, Doug E. Fresh and the Magnificent Force as they do a rap number called Suntans Rap. Its one of the many musical highlights of Beat Street, among the various artists featured in this movie are Grandmaster Melee Mel the Furious Five, Africa Bumboat the Soul Sonic Force Shannon, Tina B. , The System, Brenda Starr, Bernard Fowler, Andy B.Bad, Fantastic Duo, Us Girls, Jazzy Jay, Richard Cisco and Wanda Dee. The director Stan Lethal has assembled quite a roster of talent from the early days of breakfasting and rapping, this is the most awesome part of the movie and Im not even a fan of the genre. Like I said in my review of Crush Groove, I do like the old-school rap, when it was funny and relatively innocent, as opposed to all the obscene crap that seem to be the favorite subjects of todays rappers (bitched, hoes, pimping and popping caps in the ass of another person).The climactic scene of Beat Street is an elaborate number that features Grandmaster Melee Mel the Furious Five, Bernard Fowler and a Bronx gospel choir, dancers from the city college and breakfasters from the New York streets. Its a celebration of life as Grandmaster Melee Mel decries the violence of the world and Fowler sings about believing in the face of tragedy. Its my favorite sequence in this movie because its such a powerful moment and it incorporates a lot of different talent. I also like Tina B. S song Nothings G oanna Come Easy, even though only a small portion of the song is heard in the movie. If memory serves, there were two soundtrack albums released from this movie because there was so much music. In addition, the breakfasting in Beat Street is absolutely fresh, the real life dance crews really know how to bust some serious moves and when theyre strutting their stuff on he screen , the movie totally comes to life. And who doesnt like the human beat-box that is Doug E. Fresh? Ive talked endlessly about the music in Beat Street, what about the other aspects of the movie?Like I said, it falters when it comes to the dramatic elements, it would have been nice to get to know certain characters better. For example, what about Henry (Dean Elliot), the squatter the guys discover living in the basement of the abandoned building where they party at the beginning of the movie? They all seem to become friends, but who is this guy really? We understand hat hes an old friend of somebody who used to live in the building before the landlord torched the place, but at what point does he become friends with the guys?Its implied that hes some sort of musician, he says that he and his old friend planned to start a band. Why doesnt he display his skills at any point in the movie? In the trailer, its shown (briefly) that he plays the drums, I would have liked to see this incorporated into the plot. We see a couple of scenes where Roam and his father argue about how he should live his life, but it would have been interesting to see Kenny and Lees older brother? We get the impression that he was in a gang and died as a result of that lifestyle, but was he shot in a gang war or by the police?My guess would be the latter, only because of the contempt that Core (Mary Alice, The Matrix Revolutions) shows for the cop who arrested her son (Lee) for breakfasting at the subway station. She tells him that hes far too young to be offering child rearing advice and that theres worse things these kids could be doing than dancing. Its another small but powerful moment, but we still dont fully understand how her oldest son died. And I would have loved to see that breakfasting number in the high school classroom, these moments really make a musical fun and enjoyable.I wonder why so many scenes were cut out of Beat Street? Im guessing it was to keep the running time down, who wants to watch a two-and-a-half hour movie during the summer? True, this movie is pretty shallow and it never promised to be an in-depth character study or a realistic, gritty documentary about the hip-hop scene of the early ass. But it would have been cool to add an additional layer of depth and meaning, it would have been nice to understand a few things about the young people who arrogance on the sidewalks or the graffiti artists who see all the surfaces of the world as their own personal canvas. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-37538587499782129432020-02-13T08:15:00.001-08:002020-02-13T08:15:03.345-08:00Research Methodologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsResearch Methodologies - Essay Example The fundamental research aim around the proposal is to identify the major social and psychological challenges faced by adult ESL learners and how they come with these challenges. The study is meant to combine qualitative and quantitative research approaches in order to conduct an ontological and epistemological research. The qualitative section of the research will involve an attempt to identify the main challenges and issues that come with studying as an adult in an ESL programme. This will be done through the use of questionnaires, surveys and other activities to qualitatively provide some kind of insight into the main issues and problems that these persons encounter in their quest to learn English. The quantitative process will seek to gather data about the age and cultural background of learners and their performance. This will provide averages or regression as well as the correlation between learner backgrounds and their performance in the studying of English as ESL students. The study will include the collection of data from various students in the classroom who can be classified as ââ¬Å"adultsâ⬠. These individuals will be studied and the findings will be evaluated in the context of generalisability and this will form the basis for theorisation of findings. Learning is done through conceptual and linguistic constructions that describe social and cultural matters and systems (Hodkinson & MacLeod, 2010). This is because research and learning are two interrelated matters. Hence, they work together to provide concepts and theories in an appropriate framework. From the studies, qualitative research methods often comes with major problems and issues relating to bias and this causes conclusions to come under the shadow of the researcherââ¬â¢s opinion. Hence, the qualitative element and aspect of the research proposal being handled in this study might be influenced significantly by the subjective sentiments of the researcher. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-91919278864789555032020-02-01T06:28:00.001-08:002020-02-01T06:28:02.743-08:00The European Constitution and the Irish Constitution AssignmentThe European Constitution and the Irish Constitution - Assignment Example It is a basic fact of the European Union and use of the European Convention as law that each member state of the Union must deal with internal strife and dissidence in accordance with nationalistic attitudes. Ireland in particular is dealing with these stresses because of its sheer youth as an independent nation, and because of the young age of the Irish Constitution the country wishes generally to stay the course when it comes to human rights laws and follow the Constitution to the letter instead of incorporating the use of the European Convention. Irish citizens are having difficulty managing with both an accepted and celebrated Constitution and a supranational doctrine that was put in place for exactly the same reasons. Factors like strong nationalism, European unrest as a unified state, and the belief that established practises are indeed better than the newer ideologies are all contributing to the fact that Ireland will never fully accept European Convention rules over its own Constitutional rights and policies. Authors and leading experts on the subject concur that despite the best intentions of the European government, Ireland is destined to follow its own regulatory path. Regardless of international opinion, however, Ireland seems to have unofficially decided that its own Constitution does hold higher prestige than any European Convention ruling. The Constitution of Ireland When the Republic of Ireland gained its freedom from the United Kingdom in 1922, the new nation drafted the Constitution of the Irish Free State, a document that would last until 1937 when the Constitution of Ireland was drawn up. According to certain researchers, there were two main reasons for the change: its affiliation with the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the fact that since its adoption so many amendments had been made it was difficult to understand1. The Anglo-Irish treaty was created during the Irish Civil War that broke out as the tensions between Great Britain and the Roman Catholic Irish population were at breaking point. In an attempt to quell the violence and still keep Ireland within the realm of the English monarchy, the United Kingdom offered up a treaty proposal that it hoped the angered Irish community would accept: ultimately the Britain would be disappointed at the outcome. The new Constitution was drawn up so that those important amendments could be brought up to date and written in accordance with the modern goals and ambitions of the relatively new state. The Constitution was written in both the Irish and the English languages; the content focused on establishing an Irish nationalist spirit, granting citizenship to its residents and those with parents born in the country, establishing the capital city in Dublin and working within a democratic political system2. The rights and provisions claimed by the Constitution were of great importance to its drafters and continue to be important in today's Ireland. Like all new nations, Ireland was proud to jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-927821251519221792020-01-24T02:52:00.001-08:002020-01-24T02:52:02.882-08:00The Puffy Chronicles :: Puff Daddy Music Musicians Rappers EssaysThe Puffy Chronicles Puff Daddy, born Sean Combs on November 4, 1969 in Harlem to Melvin and Janice Combs, began his life of violence at a young age. When Sean was two years old, his father was tragically murdered. This forced Janice to move to a safer environment in Mt.Vernon, NY where she had to work three jobs in order to provide for her family. One can see that Seanââ¬â¢s broken home and the violence that constantly surrounded him influenced his lyrics and style of music throughout his life[I1] . His angry lyrics and shouts of aggression in his individual tracks certainly support the argument of his childhood having a big impact on his style of rap. Exploding onto the rap scene, Puffy soon found himself engulfed by the lifestyle of a rapper. For a short time, Puff Daddy was involved in one of the biggest East Coast vs. West Coast battles. Violence erupted, which lead to the death of two rappers: 2Pac and Notorious B.I.G. During this whole time, Puffy was busy producing music and influencing the style of other artists.[I2] Biggieââ¬â¢s single ââ¬Å"Hypnotizeâ⬠soared up to number one and stayed there long after his death. It was not long until the world would get a taste of Puffyââ¬â¢s very[I3] own style. Puff Daddy released the solo album No Way Out in the summer of 97ââ¬â¢. No Way Out is an odd mixture of gangsta rap, soul, and r&b. But, somehow it seems to work for Puffy and his crew. At times while listening to the tracks, one is confused as to which direction Puffy and such featured artists as Mase, Lil Kim, Notorious B.I.G., and Busta Rhymes are headed because the tracks are either violent, apologetic, or r&b. In ââ¬Å"Victoryâ⬠, Busta Rhymes spews out angry lyrics of violence about kidnapping rival West Coast Rapper families and gunning down enemies. Then in a spin-off of Stingââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Every Breath You Takeâ⬠, one can feel the pain and anguish as well as the regret in Puffââ¬â¢s voice as he raps about the death of his best friend, Notorious B.I.G. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll Be Missing Youâ⬠, a tribute to Biggie, won the award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group (vh1.com 2). Biggieââ¬â¢s wife, Faith Evans, provided background vocals to th e song while Puffy raps, ââ¬Å"Give anything to hear half your breath/I know you still living your life, after death. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-59330862178785304032020-01-15T23:16:00.001-08:002020-01-15T23:16:05.409-08:00Coca cola marketing research EssayThe Coca-Cola company was established back in 1886 and it is most famous of creating the soft drink Coca Cola. Based on a global brand study, Coca Cola was the worldââ¬â¢s most valuable brand in 2011. Though, just like all those ââ¬Å"oldâ⬠and well developed brands, Coca Cola is facing aging problem, a disconnection with the younger generation and it seems like people are not picking up coca cola as a trendy drink and a sign of coolness anymore as there are so many other drinks available in the market nowaday. In order to make the brandââ¬â¢s image younger, Coca Cola started a campaign back in 2011 called ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠, internally known as ââ¬Å"Project Connectâ⬠. It is a worldwide campaign that started with their Australia team and in 2014 the campaign has finally reached Hong Kong. There are two objectives for this campaign, to get the attention of the younger generation and to make them feel like Coca Cola is still a trendy and cool thing to be talk ing about and another communication objective for the campaign is really just to have everyone to talk about Coca Cola again, both in the real and virtual world. As mentioned, Coca cola is trying to get collection with young people again and to make Coca Cola the cool thing to be talking about among people, so the target audience of the campaign is young adults focusing on demographic of 18 ââ¬â 25 years old, who is health consumers, affluent and really is the current and future major stakeholders for the brand. In order to bring people together to ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠, Coca Cola swapped out Cokeââ¬â¢s classic label on bottles and cans with 200 of Hong Kongââ¬â¢s most popular nick names, like ââ¬Å"Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã§Å¡â¡ (queen), ââ¬Å"Gag çŽ⹠(joke maker)â⬠, â⬠Buddyâ⬠, ââ¬Å"ç ²â°Ã§ µ ²(fans)â⬠, ââ¬Å"é âä º º(expert)â⬠, ââ¬Å"Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã§ ¥Å¾ (goddess)â⬠, ââ¬Å"ç⠷ç ¥Å¾ (god)â⬠or common names like ââ¬Å"Yanâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Wahâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Leeâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Fungâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Mingâ⬠or phases like ââ¬Å"miss youâ⬠, ââ¬Å"love youâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Oh Dearâ⬠, à ¢â¬Å"Cheer upâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m yoursâ⬠etc. This is one of the strategy that Coca Cola came out to bring together to talk about Coca Cola again, a new concept that Coke came up and wants to promote is ââ¬Å"Shareabilityâ⬠. Coca Cola understands the best way to connect people is to have something they can share or even can send it as a gift to their friends and relatives. Moreover, If you canââ¬â¢t find a nick name, common names nor phases that best represent you or your love one? No worries, Coca Cola had created a web page for customers to go online and create a virtual bottle to share it on social media (e.x. facebook, Instagram and Twitterâ⬠¦etc) with their friends and family. Coca Cola would never missed a single person who is interested in ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠out. In other countries, such as the U.S. and U.K., customers with less common names (or basically if you canââ¬â¢t find what you are looking for), they are able to get a mini can customized with their name on it at one of their pop up stops. Because of Hong Kong donââ¬â¢t have the similar promotion, people are starting to sell the service of helping people to order personalized cans and bottles in the U.K. This also helped Coca Cola Hong Kong to create the basic foundation of pull strategy as supply was super limited and it I very time consuming to mail the products from overseas to Hong Kong making the products very hard to get. Another advantage of the success of the ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠campaign overseas is that it offered the Hong Kong campaign a word-of-mouth (WOM) communication and WOM plays an important role as a communications tool in modern marketing. As Kotler (2009) suggests that if an organization can develop a marketing program to harness andà accelerate the use of personal recommendation effectively, the more likely it will be that the marketing program will be successful. This also acted as a demand-created pull strategy, as overseas people were gifting that to people who are living in Hong Kong and Hong Kong people were soon demanding to see this unique style of Coca Cola cans in Hong Kong. As soon as people got hold with a can of the personalized Coca Cola, they will share it on Instagram to show people how cool they are. Indeed, in Hong Kong, before the official campaign launched, Coke partnered with Volkswagen and sent personalized Coke can in a fancy box to younger generation celebrities like Charlene Choi, Gillian Chung, Shiga Lin and PakHo Chauâ⬠¦etc. On the cover of that fancy white box, Coca Cola encouraged celebrities to create a post on Instagram with hashtag shoareacokehk and cocacolahk. This encouragement of sharing those ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠cans on Instagram or Facebook created another pull strategy which would eventually catching the suppliersââ¬â¢ attention to inquiry to Coca Cola about those unique cans as celebrities are always the focus point for people to follow where the trend is. After this massive breakthrough, ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠cans and bottles were then secretly (without any proper announcementâ⬠sent to convenience stores like 711, OK andà supermarket likes Wellcome and ParknShop. As soon as they were in stock, people started to treasure hunt to trying to ââ¬Å"share a coke with their love one and to post it on social platformsâ⬠, mainly on Instagram and Facebook. *See below images as examples. In a situation like this, the push strategy will play its part in meeting the objectives for this campaign which is letting the supplier know the demand for this product which is created by celebrities influences, social media powers and later advertising. Finally persuading retailers to both stock the product and to actively promote the ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠cans to their customers and finally making the product more accessible. Ever since Coca Cola started to encourage people to ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠, people have been uploading Instagram and Facebook posts on a regular basis. This is a creative way to make use of the profile strategy as numerous posts will be updated on Instagram everyday automatically under hashtag shareacokehk and cocacolahk and keeping stakeholders/audiences up to date with campaign information and the official Coca Cola Instagram would also share peopleââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠moment. This tactic is cost effective for Coca Cola (saved money on hiring a spoke person as many celebrities have automatically became a ââ¬Å"spoke personâ⬠the moment they shared their personalized Coca Cola), it created a free of charge profile strategy as fans or lay people will soon follow what celebrities are doing and share a coke with their name on social media platform. This ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠wave has caught mediaââ¬â¢s attention as bloggers and magazines were reporting this. Therefore, at a later time, personalized cans were also sent to famous bloggers, magazine editors and particular for those who have a high number of followers/fan base on Instagram. In order to ââ¬Å"officiallyâ⬠announce and position Coca Cola in the minds of consumers with a view to differentiation and to inform prospective customers about the ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠campaign, Coca Cola then started to advertise on traditional platform. It aired a television commercial on one of the biggest television channels in Hong Kong-TVB, pointing out the various nickname that people can find to mix and match them. Advertising on national television offer mass coverage, flexible format and uses sight, movement and soundà which fit in with the young adult demographic as things like that will attract their attention. They have also created posters telling people to share a coke with their mom and dad to emphasize the objective of this campaign- shareability of the product, to make people talking about Coca Cola again. Coca Cola also rented several outdoors places at causeway bay (e.x. Sogo), creating a venting machine like billboard starting ââ¬Å"Share a coke with the person next to you, Share Coca Cola, Share happinessâ⬠and putting all the available names on there for making potential customers aware of the offering. Advertising outdoor creates a good coverage as a support medium and as the location (Sogo, Causeway bay) is where all the young adults go, it creates a perfect interesting background for young adult to take a picture and share it on Instagram as it is not so easy to spot such a large scale Coca Cola machine in your daily life. *See below images as examples. Ogilvy & Mather (the advertising agency behind all these) had also found Jonathan Mak (who editing the Apple logo in remembrance of Steve Jobs) to design a poster inspired by ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠to advertise this campaign. You can see attached, to depict two hands sharing a Coke. This poster has served as something unique, young and trendy to matches with the target audience of the campaign. Evaluation of effectiveness: should be related to the campaign objectives and the particular tools chosen, e.g. advertising could be post-testing, tracking studies, likeability or enquiry tests. Particular market research techniques using qualitative or quantitative methods should be proposed, e.g. focus groups, surveys. A researcher quote in Wilson (2006: p.29) suggests that, ââ¬Å"The proposal is the most important part of the whole research projectâ⬠. Before we evaluate the effectiveness of the tools use, let me restate the objective of this campaign again, which is to reconnect with young adults and just have people talking about Coca Cola again. In order to evaluate whether or not the television commercial tool is effective or not, I would use likeability testà as to researching to what degree people enjoyed the advertisement and really feel like they have connect with the ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠campaign. I propose using quantitative research which is described by Wilson (2006) as a structured approach producing quantifiable data for statistical analysis, gathered from a populationà sample or census. I propose that we will create a 5 questions questionnaire asking a combination of descriptive and casual questions like ââ¬Å"What do you feel about Coca Colaââ¬Ës ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠campaignâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Have you watch the TV commercial about ââ¬Å"Share a cokeâ⬠â⬠, ââ¬Å"Would you consider drinking Coca Cola as a trendy thing after watching the commercial ?â⬠, ââ¬Å"How do you feel about the ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠concept and do you think the commercial has stated what we are trying to offer?â⬠, ââ¬Å"have you shared a coke with anyone after watching the commercialâ⬠. I suggest using Facebook as the platform to pass on the questionnaire to random audience that is within the demographic that we are aiming at as it is the most convenient and cost effective way because on Facebook you can set your target audience age to your desired one. Two identical questionnaires should be sent out to the same group of people who are aged between 18-25 across the campaign period to see if the audience has any perception changes over time. We could also get from the data whether or not we are reaching the right target auidences and whether or not this advertisement is doing what we want it to do. The second tool that we are going to evaluate is Instagram as Coca Cola has created itââ¬â¢s own hashtag for the campaign #shareacokehk and #cocacolahk and as our target audience is young adults, Instagram has been a major communication tools for the demographic. Also, Coca Cola has been posting all updates on its official Instagram page and this should be where we get all the noises from as Coca Cola has posted on all itââ¬â¢s advertising communication tools to share it on Instagram. Morevoer, Coca Cola has emphasized shareability over this campaign so the effective use of Instagram is notwithstanding one of the most important evaluation to do. Using Observation research to collect quantitative data would be a good way to analysis the effectiveness of this heavily used tool. I suggest for a consecutive of 30 days, researchers to go through around 100 potential hashtags posting on Instagram, starting with the two official hashtags ââ¬Å"shareacokehkâ⬠, ââ¬Å"cocacolahkâ⬠, cokehkâ⬠, ââ¬Å"ilovecokeâ⬠à then following any potential hashtags such as phases on cansâ⬠¦etc. Researchers will record daily change rate of each hashtag search, we can then compare shareability of each hashtags. We can also record likes from each post and see which personalized cans/bottles grabs the most attention. From the evaluation of the effectiveness of Instagram, we can increase shareability of the campaign (as, again itââ¬â¢s one of the major goal to get people talking about Coca Cola again). With the quantitative data that we got from this research, we can perhaps add more hashtags that people are likely to use and also we could use those information to amend or add in names that are in popular demands to keep the idea fresh. We could also see whether or not we are hitting on our target audiences. In Conclusion, the ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠campaign is a clever idea. It is further proof how something so simple can still create a lot of buzz on the internet and in social settings. This ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠campaign has fully fulfilled Fill (2006)ââ¬â¢s definition of marketing communications. ââ¬Å"A management process through which an organization seeks to engage with its various audiences. To accomplish this, the organization develops, presents and evaluates a series of messages which it sends to and receives from its different audiences. The objective of this process is to position the organization and its offering in the minds of particular audiences and in doing so encourage theà development of relationships that are of mutual value.â⬠Coca Cola has proven to us that with the right marketing communication tools, an aging brand can sure be made younger again and reconnect with the you nger generation. Have you ââ¬Å"Share a Cokeâ⬠with your loved one today? Reference http://www.coca-colajourney.com.au/stories/local-idea-goes-global-share-a-coke#TCCC http://www.sor9y.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Screen-Shot-2014-08-24-at-2.06.38am.png http://www.milk.com.hk/content/coca-cola-share-coke-hong-kong-ed http://www.icoke.hk http://www.sor9y.com/2014/08/24/share-a-coke-name-combinations/ http://rudileung.com/tag/share-a-coke jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-49952694753936248382020-01-07T19:37:00.001-08:002020-01-07T19:37:04.093-08:00Leadership Self Assessment Ronald Reagan - 1540 Words Leadership Self Assessment Ronald Reagan once said, ââ¬Å"the greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things, he is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things.â⬠This quote by our past president, Ronald Reagan, relates to my experiences with leadership. Throughout high school I experienced democratic leadership though playing sports like field hockey and track. I have also experienced leadership during small group projects, as well as being a leader of an organization on a college campus. Through all of these experiences, I have learned essential characteristics and qualities to becoming a good leader. I have also had negative experiences with leadership that have taught me things not to do as a leader. Iâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬Å"To become a leader you must be able to envision the futureâ⬠(Kouzes Posner, 2008 p. 52). Coaches and captains should have a positive outlook on the season and be able to mentally view their team g oing to playoffs, districts, etc. The example of Alyssa Giagliani, track and cross-country runner, who asked freshman what they saw in their future, they said they didnââ¬â¢t think she had one. When they asked Alyssa what she saw in the teams future was a positive outlook on their team, and that they would become the first womenââ¬â¢s team in the history of their school to make it to the championship (Kouzes Posner, 2008, p. 53). By telling the freshman this, they were inspired to set this as their goal as well. This is a great example that shows that one personââ¬â¢s idea and vision of something can inspire others to believe in themselves. Which is something I tried to do during my years as a field hockey and track captain. After gradating from high school and moving on to bigger and better things at Kutztown University, I realized that I needed to be involved in something. I was not only a captain for two sports, but I was the secretary for the student government associa tion in high school. Being involved in extracurricular activities kept me focused and organized. 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Stimulating Forces Change Agents Lewinââ¬â¢s Three Step Model The change means the alteration of status quo or making things different. It may refer to any alteration which occurs in the overall work environment of an organization jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-56764503987428775142019-12-14T08:21:00.001-08:002019-12-14T08:21:04.023-08:00How Serious Is Forest Depletion In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays Pakistan has approximately 4.2 million hour angle covered by woods, which is tantamount to 4.8 per centum of the entire land country ( Government of Pakistan 2003 ) , which is really low when compared with 30 per centum for the universe ( FAO 2001 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on How Serious Is Forest Depletion In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Entire forests country of different states and districts of Pakistan viz. Sindh, Baluchistan, Punjab, North West Frontier Province ( NWFP ) , Azad Kashmir and Northern countries is 0.92, 0.33, 0.69, 1.21, 0.42, and 0.66 million hour angle severally ( Government of Pakistan 2003 ) . This shows that most of the forest distribution is in northern portion of the state ( 40 per centum of state ââ¬Ës entire woods are in NWFP, 15.7 per centum in Northern Areas and 6.5 per centum in Azad Kashmir ) . There is a great assortment of species because of the state ââ¬Ës great physiographic and climatic contrasts. The woods of the state are of assorted types such as ( a ) litoral and swamp woods, ( B ) tropical dry deciduous woods, ( degree Celsius ) tropical thorn woods, ( vitamin D ) sub-tropical broadleaf evergreen woods, ( vitamin E ) sub-tropical pine woods, ( degree Fahrenheit ) Himalayan moist temperate woods, ( g ) Himalayan dry temperate woods, ( H ) sub-alpine woods and ( I ) alpin e chaparral. The predominating species are of cone-bearing type ( Ahmed and Mahmood, 1998 ; Qazi 1994 ; Poffenberger 2000 ; Suleri 2002 ) . Forest depletion is one of the most serious environmental issues for Pakistan. Harmonizing to an estimation 39 thousand hectares of woods are disappearing yearly. Between the old ages 1990 and 2000, the deforestation rate in Pakistan was 1.5 % yearly ( FAO, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, some South and Southeast Asiatic states, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka are losing woods at rates transcending 1.4 per centum per twelvemonth. These are among the highest rates of forest loss in the universe. Within South Asia, the rate of forest depletion is highest in Pakistan, despite intensive support from international giver bureaus and legion planetary and local enterprises for forest preservation, policy preparation, and improved administration. ( Rashid, S. 1993 ) . Timber is a cherished trade good in Pakistan, with monetary values presently twice the universe norm, a map of both deficits in domestic supply and import responsibilities. Therefore, both bets and net incomes are high. Despite assorted steps and policy recommendations to minimise the negative influence of powerful local elites, they continue to be active participants in logging and other commercial activities. ( Shahbaz B, Suleri AQ. 2009 ) The forest shrinking in Pakistan is non merely merely because of the direct causes but besides intercession of other authorities sections for the land of forest section for their intents ; for new lodging strategies and allocation of the land to the workers, for route and railroad and other development undertakings in the state throughout the history. The forest sections maintain an antique forestry statute law and disposal, which presents many loopholes which can be exploited by influential persons ââ¬â the ââ¬Å" lumber Mafia â⬠ââ¬â who are depriving lumber from the few staying natural woods. ( Shahbaz B, Suleri AQ. 2009 ) Politicians, contractors and administrative officials tend to organize informal webs that give them unsusceptibility from forest Torahs and a free manus to set about forest operations at their ain discretion. To add fuel to the fire, some unscrupulous elements of the Forest Department have facilitated contractors for hard currency inducements ââ¬â such as payoffs to the local FD staff for every three-dimensional pes of lumber ( Rashid, 1993 ) . The political economic system of the forestry sector has besides become really clear. In the hierarchy of influence, politicians and the ââ¬Å" lumber Mafia â⬠collude to derive entree to lucrative contracts and grants and therefore exert the most influence on wood policy and determinations ( Shahbaz B, Suleri AQ. 2009 ) . The general absence of political will has encouraged the runners and Mafia to spread out their illegal activities in the lumber trade. ( Rashid, S. 1993 ) This survey intends to concentrate attending on this of import factor behind forest screen shrinking in Pakistan i.e. , the function of province sections and lumber Mafia. LITERATURE REVIEW Pakistan is a state with low forest screen ; there are merely 0.03 hour angle of forest per capita compared to the universe norm of one hour angle. With the population turning at 2.6 per centum yearly, the forest country per capita is worsening. The country of public woods can non be expanded and trees grown on private land lend well to the state ââ¬Ës wood production ; this will increase in the hereafter. During 2000/01, Pakistan imported mush and paper merchandises deserving Rs.7 646 million and exhausted Rs.915 million on wood and lumber imports. Pakistan yearly exports athleticss and furniture goods deserving Rs.2 to 3 billion. ( National Forest Policy Review ) Harmonizing to statistics issued in 2006 by the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, forests cover about 4.22 million hectares in Pakistan, merely 4.8 per centum of the entire land country. However, there is considerable contention over the precise forest country in Pakistan, as different national and international bureaus have published statistics based on different definitions of what comprises a wood. Areas designated as ââ¬Å" forest countries â⬠are simply lands under the administrative control of the provincial wood section. Thus, officially designated woods may be devoid of trees while considerable tree screen may be found in countries Other than the designated woods. ( Shahbaz B, Suleri AQ. 2009 ) After divider of the Indian sub-continent in 1947 the new province of Pakistan was left with a really little forest gift of approximately 7 % 1 of its entire land country. This little forest resource base was even further reduced to less than 5 % after the separation of East-Pakistan in 1972. ( INRMP ) The forestry sector contributes merely 0.3 per centum to the GNP. This excludes the indirect benefits that forests provide. Annual wood production is 3.5 million M3, which satisfies the domestic demand for industrial wood. Forest and related little industries provide employment for more than 500 000 people. Forests and rangelands provide eatage to 90 million caput of farm animal. Forests play a critical function in protecting the water partings of Tarbela and Mangla reservoirs, which are really of import for hydropower coevals and for providing H2O to extensive irrigation webs in the fields of Punjab and Sindh states. Annual harm ensuing from inundations, dirt eroding and siltation of reservoirs is estimated at Rs2.3 billion. ( National Forest Policy Review ) Deforestation is one of the most important planetary environmental jobs. Forms of forest debasement are peculiarly seeable in many parts of Asia and Africa. Harmonizing to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, some South and Southeast Asiatic states, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka are losing woods at rates transcending 1.4 per centum per twelvemonth. These are among the highest rates of forest loss in the universe. Within South Asia, the rate of forest depletion is highest in Pakistan, despite intensive support from international giver bureaus and legion planetary and local enterprises for forest preservation, policy preparation, and improved administration. Deforestation ever brings negative effects. In September 1992, Pakistan experienced the worst inundations in the state ââ¬Ës history, and the vanished woods in the northern water partings were regarded as one of the chief possible causes. Therefore, the federal authorities imposed a complete prohibition on logging in 1993. But the prohibition did non take into history the state ââ¬Ës ain lumber demands, and the prohibition non merely triggered illegal logging at that place, but besides led to smuggling of lumber from Afghanistan into Pakistan, doing extended deforestation in Afghanistan. On October 8, 2005, Pakistan suffered its worst catastrophe in history, when an temblor of 7.6 on the Richter graduated table struck South Asia, doing tremendous devastation in the cragged countries of northwest Pakistan. Massive landslides caused farther loss to the part ââ¬Ës dwellers. The landslides occurred largely in the bald hills, whereas topographic points with good wood screen suffe red less devastation. ( Shahbaz B, Suleri AQ. 2009 ) Many accounts sing deforestation in the cragged parts of the subcontinent are offered. Most current among these is the Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation [ THED ] . The THED ascribes deteriorating environmental conditions of the Himalaya part to the increasing population force per unit area in the delicate mountain ecological environment. The 2nd statement addresses the wider socioeconomic processes-especially urbanisation of the lowland countries and the corresponding addition in the demand for lumber. This besides includes developmental activities and substructure enlargement in the cragged areas-particularly opening up of antecedently unaccessible woods due to building of roads. Alternatively, another strand of research underscores the political economic system attack to resource debasement. For illustration, research has looked into the rent seeking activities of the communities shacking in/around the woods as a beginning of deforestation25. Failure of the authorities to set up a proper institutional set-up for forest direction has besides been blamed as the cause of forest diminution. ( L. Hassan ) The unhallowed confederation between private wood contractors and forest functionaries taking to illegal logging activities has besides been quoted as one of import ground for forest diminution. ( Knudsen. 1996 ) The demands from forest proprietors, right- and non-right holders for lumber, fire-wood, graze and other non-timber wood green goods for subsistence increased significantly with rapid growing in human population, farm animal and alterations in life manners. Often local demands went beyond legal rights offered by assorted legal classs of the woods and several de facto demands were added, many of them pursued by illegal agencies. The of all time shriveling forest base particularly in the countries where such demands had out-grown disproportionately to the forest resource, created instabilities between sustainable supplies and existent demands for subsistence, income addendums to the local hapless and illegal commercial development by the ââ¬Å" lumber Mafia â⬠. ( INRMP ) Harmonizing to Geiser ( 2000 ) , ââ¬Å" in pattern, forest resources are made unaccessible for the hapless and marginalized subdivisions of the communities, whereas the influential along with members of the timber Mafia consumed these resources at their ain Sweet will. â⬠DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION As figures above show that Pakistan is among those states that have really high deforestation rates. Forests in Pakistan are really diverse in nature and of important importance for the state ââ¬Ës economic system and supports. Multitudes of people who live in or around these woods depend for their nutrient, shelter, fuel and other such demands on the woods resources partly or entirely and same is the ground incrimination for development and debasement of woods is put on them. A few others take hapless and unsustainable direction of the woods, deficiency of jurisprudence enforcement, hapless institutional capacity of authorities sections, hapless life conditions and deficiency of installations for locals, unplanned development and other such grounds as possible grounds for the forest debasement in the state. There are besides commercial involvements to function supplies to the lumber market and to fulfill Government grosss from forestry. Alongside there exists a big scale illegal commercial development of woods by the alleged ââ¬Å" lumber Mafia. In this paper I have tried to foreground the function of ââ¬Å" Timber Mafia â⬠in forest development and debasement far beyond the sustainable degree. The complete development of woods is a consequence of utilizing the woods for economic intents and non due to the subsistence patterns of the locals. The economic utilizations when knew no bounds were halted by the authorities policies to restrict the forest development above the sustainable degrees. This prompted the illegal film editing and coming of the Timber Mafia. The term ââ¬Å" Timber Mafia â⬠encompasses the contractors, persons, organisations and even the corrupt authorities establishments who somehow or other by their strong lobbying and graft cut the woods even from the countries where lumber harvest home is non allowed. ( INRMP ) defines timber Mafia as The term ââ¬Å" timber Mafia â⬠is a conversational term used throughout NWFP to measure up a group of people engaged in illegal lumber reaping for commercial intents. This group, in assorted configurations, include local lumber runners, Guzara proprietors, former harvest home contractors, local timber-traders, sawmill proprietors, and ââ¬â at times ââ¬â forestry staff and local politicians. The lumber Mafia non merely uses such agencies but besides through buttonholing affects the forest policies that would in turn safeguard their involvements as good. In confederation with the Forest Departments they use the loopholes of the forest policies. Furthermore Law enforcement for wood protection is weak and punishments devised by assorted legal instruments such as the Pakistan Forest Act ( 1927 ) , the Hazara Forest Act ( 1936 ) , provincial wildlife regulations and related Acts of the Apostless are uneffective. In add-on to this, none of the past wood policies identified unsustainable commercial lumber reaping and forest depletion by the powerful ââ¬Å" lumber Mafia â⬠supported by politicians and vested involvements as jobs. With the turning scarceness of lumber in the wider market in Pakistan, lumber monetary values increased quickly and illegal harvest home created an extra load on the woods in NWFP. There were besides such policies like Timber reaping prohibition in NWFP which was an of import policy determination by the authorities with effects for the full forestry sector in the state but it besides gave a roar to the Timber Smugglers who when saw that there is no room for run intoing their demands, they shifted their attending to already war wreck Afghanistan so burden on the woods of was shifted from Pakistan to Afghanistan. Another of import factor in illegal commercial harvest home by lumber Mafia are the wages of forest staff, particularly the field staff in lower ranks. Their wages are so light despite the fact that they were keepers of immense forest wealth. Gangs of illegal lumber bargainers have been so influential, good equipped, nomadic and ready to take hazard of damaging, harming, pain, and even slaying the forest staff, who offer opposition and create barriers and limitations in their manner. By and large, the field staff does non acquire the needed degree of support from the Government in commanding or groking the ill-famed wood wrongdoers. Neither the forest offense instances are adjudicated quickly, nor the penalties awarded by the tribunals are appropriate to their magnitude and earnestness. Furthermore, non merely does the mechanism of monitoring, detection, and describing little forest offenses lack answerability but it besides remains weak in the mechanism employed for big graduated ta ble felling. These are the conditions that affect the morale, professionalism, transparence and efficiency of the forest staff. In weaving up and reasoning the treatment I make note of the failings of our policies and establishments to turn to the Timber Mafia in existent sense in its policies and statute laws. My analysis besides allows me to province that the singular difference in the supply and demand of the lumber in the state should be addressed earnestly. My first observation is on the issue of utilizing the woods for economic intents by the strong and influential in the state who on one manus are involved in policy preparation and on the other they are found to be in complete confederation with the runners who with their cooperation non merely excel the statute laws but besides use the loopholes in the wood policies for their intents. It is besides noteworthy that in the name of the protected woods and other such types locals who used to be keepers of the woods themselves ( as they were determiners of their better supports ) were marginalized and woods were declared reserved and protected and so on so it was a kind of free manus to the runners, lumber Mafia and corrupt politicians who are working the woods to their will. Forests are leased out and given on contract that so called ââ¬Å" Conservation Policies â⬠allow the authorities sections to make so. It has changed the position of the woods from Vital Component of Nature to mere ââ¬Å" Revenue Generators â⬠. Revenue coevals belongings of the lumber has outperformed the other of import maps and belongingss of the woods in Pakistan. Furthermore, though the measure limitations had been imposed on the wood remotion by the community, the province itself was involved in inordinate lumber reaping for the building of camps and railroads and province itself is involved in marginalising and coming into direct struggle with the local communities by striping locals of their due royalties and portion on forest resources. The general absence of political will has encouraged the runners and Mafia to spread out their illegal act ivities in the lumber trade. Local people, if given sufficient powers and province support, can efficaciously battle illegal logging, but a sense of ownership is critical. Better, safe and sustainable direction of forest resources can besides be achieved by beef uping of the administrative and protective capablenesss of Provincial Forest Department and by supplying weaponries, wireless sets and operational vehicles and besides by apportioning magisterial powers on Forest Officers to take prompt awareness of forest offenses. How to cite How Serious Is Forest Depletion In Pakistan Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-11322626091419701252019-12-06T04:44:00.001-08:002019-12-06T04:44:04.800-08:00Managing Organizational Change and Stress free essay sample Examines the phenomenon of workplace stress, especially that caused by organizational change and how it can be managed. Considers causes and manifestations of stress and details several appropriate managerial responses. Abstract The focus in the following pages is on workplace stress, particularly that created by organizational change, and how that can be managed appropriately. Stress is defined and causes are discussed, particularly within the context of change and the work environment. Common negative symptoms of stress are noted as well as the implications for individual productivity and for the organization as a whole. Finally, methods for effectively dealing with stress individually and in organizations are presented. For the organization, the qualities or attributes that the should be utilized to manage stress during the ongoing process of change are examined; some points of focus include leadership, personal compacts, communication, positive feedback, allowing emotional expression, and individualized programs. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-87469028819977748772019-11-28T23:03:00.001-08:002019-11-28T23:03:02.911-08:00Victimless Crime free essay sample Victimless crime is defined as a violation of community standards or an illicit act against a government policy or agency (Wisegeek, 2009) yet, which neither directly harms nor violates the rights of any specific person, although some people may claim it harms society as a whole. Many people consider such acts as drunk driving, prostitution, public drunkenness, assisting someone to die at his or her request, using drugs, white-collar crimes, and abortion to be victimless crimes. They feel, as though there are no individual victims for these crimes; no one is being hurt or directly affected, so there is no crime being committed. In this paper, I will discuss the effects that these crimes have not only on the individuals that commit the crimes but also the individuals that are affected by these crimes, and the reasons why I feel that there is no such thing as a victimless crime. I feel that in every crime that is committed, there is at least one person that will be affected and become the victim of the actions that were made by another individual, or even by himself or herself. We will write a custom essay sample on Victimless Crime or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a person to be found guilty and punished for a crime, there must be a perpetrator and a victim of the act for it to be considered a punishable offense. Some incidents that can be considered a crime would include, but are not limited to, rape, burglary, murder, theft, and abuse. In all of these examples, there is a clear crime that was committed as well as a person that committed the crime and a person or persons that were affected by the crime that was committed. The problem with such crimes that are considered to be victimless crimes is that in many incidents, there is no clear and present victim, in the eyes of the law. I happen to disagree with the idea of there being victimless crimes. I believe that there are victims in each and every crime that is committed. Some of the crimes that are considered to be victimless, that I will discuss include drunk driving, prostitution, drug abuse, and white-collar crimes to include tax evasion. Many people feel that the crimes listed above are not actual crimes, but I feel differently. In the case of drunk driving, many people feel that it is not a crime until something else happens, such as an accident or the death of an innocent person. It is a crime to drive drunk and there is always a victim. If there is a passenger in the vehicle, that person becomes a victim as well as everyone else that are on the road. There may not be an accident but everyone that is on the road with that person becomes a victim due to the fact that his or her life could come to an end due to someone wishing to drive intoxicated. Prostitution is considered to be victimless, but there are many victims of this crime. If a man decides to pay for a prostitute and has sexual intercourse with that prostitute, he is putting his family at risk of becoming the victim. If, by chance, the prostitute has HIV or another STD, the man can take it back to his spouse and infect her; she now becomes this victim of his crime. If the husband and spouse become infected, the children become victims due to the choice that their father made. If it is the other way around, and the man has HIV or another STD, the prostitute and her family now become the victims. Melissa Farley, PhD of Prostitution Research Education, (2000) writes 78 percent of 55 women who sought help from the Council for Prostitution Alternatives in 1991 reported being raped an average of 16 times a year by pimps, and were raped 33 times a year by johns, 62 percent reported having been raped in prostitution, and 73 percent reported having experienced physical assault in prostitution. White-collar crimes are considered to be victimless crimes due to the fact that the money is not being from any one person in particular. In white-collar crimes, the money is being taken from a corporation, so no one is being directly affected. One example of this would be the ENRON scandal. This scandal affected hundreds of people and made them victims of their own corporation. In this scandal, many people in upper management made quite a bit of money off the employees of the corporation, leaving them jobless and broke with no retirement. (Enron Scandal, 2008) Tax evasion is not considered to be as big of a crime as accounting fraud because of the publicity that accounting fraud receives in comparison to tax evasion. The only times that you really hear about tax evasion is when it includes big movies stars or government officials. Such people in the news lately would include Wesley Snipes, Richard Pryor, Martha Stewart, Don King, and the latest, Tom Daschle. Christopher M. Sigerson of the IRS, (2008) said it best when he said, ââ¬Å"We should not forget that the ultimate victims in tax fraud cases are the people of the United States and those who do not pay their fair share cheat their neighbors and their country. â⬠When people commit tax fraud, the victims are the rest of the law-obeying citizens that do pay their taxes, the ââ¬Å"commonâ⬠people. Drug abuse, another crimes that is considered victimless, actually has many victims. Not only the abuser, who becomes a victim to the addiction, becomes a victim in this crime. They become a victim to the drug as their body becomes dependant on the substance. Recent studies have shown that every year in the United States there is an estimated 320,000 babies born addicted to some form of drugs. Withdraw will happen in 55 to 94 percent of all infants exposed to heroin or other opiates. (Addicted Babies, 2001-2006) These babies become the victims and then the babies have to be given to the states and they become the ââ¬Å"problemâ⬠of the state. The taxpayers have to pay for the care that the babies need, so it makes the taxes rise which makes the state and country become to victims as well. In all of the incidents that I spoke about, there is never just one victim, there are always numerous. In all of these ââ¬Å"victimlessâ⬠crimes, the victims range from the offender themselves to family and friends of the offender, and finally the country as a whole. As Newton stated many years ago, for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction. Of course, this has to do with psychics, but it can be applied to just about every aspect of life. http://www.bookrags.com/research/addicted-babies-edaa-01/#gsc.tab=0 https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/259052/availability-of-encarta-online-and-description-of-support-options http://www.prostitutionresearch.com/Myths%20%20Facts%20Legal%20%20Illegal%20ProstitutionMelissaFarley3-09.pdf https://www.justice.gov/archive/ http://www.halexandria.org/dward267.htm jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-70968021169082641382019-11-25T06:37:00.001-08:002019-11-25T06:37:04.013-08:00Delta Corp Ergonomic FactorsDelta Corp Ergonomic Factors Introduction Ergonomic factors are human factors that affect the psychological and physical wellbeing of workers within an organization. Integrating these human factors together with the philosophies of human resources management into the organizational processes is the best course of action to increase the health conditions of their workers (Nelson et al., 1995).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Delta Corp Ergonomic Factors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organization human resources management normally aims at increasing the workers output by ensuring that the workers are satisfied and competent in their work. Therefore, it is essential for the organizations to provide an enabling environment that ensures job satisfaction to the employees. Ergonomic factors are those factors that cause constraints to the workers satisfaction with their jobs. In fact, human factors encompass all environmental and intern al organizational factors that affect physical and psychological wellbeing of the workers. However, ergonomic factors generally arise from sources that are beyond human control, most of which are caused by human errors or assumptions driven by the emphasis of the output with less consideration of the inputs (Nelson, 1995). Within the academic circles, ergonomic factors are grouped into various categories. The categories generalize conditions found in almost all industries and organizations. The categories includes factors intrinsic to the job, task factors, the roles of the individuals within the organization, personal interrelationship, career related factors and the organizational structure (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). These ergonomic factors are general and affect all organizations and industries. Within the airline industry where the focus will be, ergonomic factors are caused by human errors and less strict adherence to the set regulations. Many airline managers agree that human factors are a consequence of improper human operated systems, which can be managed. In the case of Delta airlines, the company is using human factors professionals to help in the identification and management of the conditions that may affect the workers physical and psychological stress. Increased interest in the ergonomic factors within the organization is caused by the operational success of the organization when few of the set regulations and conditions to reduce ergonomic factors and errors were implemented. For the organization in the case, how to integrate the ergonomic factors and human resources management is the major concern. This paper will be examining the ergonomic factors focusing on Delta as a specific organization. Finally, the paper offers a proposal for the organization showing on how Delta Corp can make workplace safer, as well as the manner in which the physical and psychological stress can be reduced.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First, the paper looks into the literature on ergonomic factors and how those factors affects the physical and psychological wellbeing of the workers, the work environment and the satisfaction of employees with the work environment. The paper then proceeds to look at how Delta is applying and implementing measures that are supposed to reduce the ergonomic factors within the organization. Ergonomic factors within the workplace According to the common definitions, industrial ergonomics is the discipline that put together all aspects of the work environment as well as the activities to the organization competencies, magnitude, and the necessities of the stakeholders (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). As described, ergonomics are human factors that centers on the importance of better work conditions, apparatus and the gears that are being applied in this work environment, technological levels of the organization as well as the way the organization arranges its operations. The main goal of ergonomics is to enhance the wellbeing amongst organization workers, their work settings, the tools and equipment they use and their occupational stresses (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). In situations that the ergonomic conditions are not met, job stresses and health hazards occur. Nelson, Cooper, and Jackson (1995) have discussed the relationships between job demands and workplace stresses. Indeed the above scholars argue that there must be a balance between job stressors and the diverse features of the occupational blueprints. The balance created is that specific job stressors must counter different blueprints of occupations. The balancing theoretical framework is essential in the assessment and considerations of human factors and health at work environment. Nelson et al (1995) pointed out that the deprived human factors in workplace could create distress and disarray that can result in a n individual becoming susceptible to stresses related to their occupations as well as disorders in their psychology. In effect, somatic problems may probably intensify. Many studies have been conducted around job stresses and the relationships that exist between ergonomic factors and the job stresses have been found to be positive. However, it is not only the ergonomic factors that cause job stresses, but also a number of individual factors tend to cause work related stresses. Therefore, occupational stresses encompass all factors both work and non-work experienced during work that causes physiological and emotional homeostasis to the employees (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). From the argued context, the stressor relate to the individual factors while the reactions to the individual factors are the stress.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Delta Corp Ergonomic Factors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As such, occ upational stress is multivariate observable facts resulting from various factors. Therefore, stress is any strain or forces that destabilize the individual psychological and physical normalcy. Anything that constitutes a threat to individual psychological and physical well-being is stress to that individual. When such threats emanates from the job environment, the stresses caused are occupational or job stresses. Occupational stresses are caused by many contributory factors. Majority of these factors have been identified as coming from the work environment (Spector, 2006). The important elements in the occupational environment are the degree at which workers attitudes and capabilities meet the job requirements and the degree at which the work environment meet the needs of the worker particularly the workers motivation and the use of the acquired skills. In circumstances, where the worker feels that there is a mismatch between the expectations and the job demand stress occurs. In one way or the other, these tend to affect the employee physical and psychological well-being. Sutherland and Cooper (2008) argue that work environment constitute various factors both physical and psychological interacting together to cause occupational stresses. The way these factors react is dissimilar in diverse environments, situations, and people. Moreover, the interactions between these factors cannot be explained through epidemiological means alone. Different circumstances including emotional arousal, exhaustion, work endeavor, pain, apprehension, application, embarrassment, hemorrhage, increased expectations of success are all capable of resulting into occupational stress (Spector, 2006). Thus, a single factor cannot be claimed to be the cause of job stress. Since there are many factors interacting to cause job stress, Sutherland and Cooper (2008) grouped them into various categories. Though there are overlaps in the categories, they can be used to analyze the way they affect w orker or the way they cause work stresses. According to Sutherland and Cooper (2008), there are factors intrinsic to the job. These include the physical demands such as the noise, machine sensations, and variations in temperature, humidity, hygiene and lighting. Task factors that comprises of shift work, workload, overtime, and work repetitions, applications of new technology, melancholy and exposure to the risk hazards.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other categories according to Sutherland and Cooper argue (2008) is the role of the individual workers within the organization, which includes role ambiguity, conflicts in responsibilities as well as being responsible for other employees or the company operations. Interrelationship particularly with the seniors and fellow employees is also categorized as own factor. Career related factors such as the job protection and position inaptness or demotions and promotions. The final category according to Sutherland and Cooper (2008) is the way the organization is arranged as well as the work atmosphere. For instance the way organization structure allows the workers to be part of the decision making process According to Nelson, Cooper and Jackson (1995), job stresses may result from various sources including increased workload and the frequency emanating from job demands, factors relating to poor job content that in most cases result in world-weariness and lack of significance. In addit ion, having no control of any decision in the job, poor organizational guiding principles and measures that make unfriendly workforce may also cause stress. Moreover, the way supervision is carried out that does not affect the general performance of workers, technological factors, individual factors and the environmental conditions (Spector, 2006). In another study, Nelson, Cooper, and Jackson (1995) discuss the job characteristics that are likely to result in the psychological stress. In that study, they identified attributes such as serious work anxiety, heavy workload, an antagonistic work atmosphere, confusing roles, deficiency of duties that are challenging, emotional overwork, pitiable decision-making relations, not being involved in decision making or not being in control of job responsibilities, poor interpersonal relationship including disconnect with other employees, managers or supervisors. Further, psychological stress may emanate from the circumstances that employees la ck social support that may come from any person being considered important including supervisors, family members and fellow employees (Spector, 2006). The adverse human factors at the work place in most cases result in physical and health constraints that encompass physical and psychological stresses. The physical stresses are such things like visual fatigue, headache, and muscle discomfort. Others include disorders such as growing strain, back, visual, and hearing. In addition, the worker may suffer from, emotional nervousness, apprehension and dejection (Spector, 2006). Often, these psychological and physical stresses temporarily disappear when workers are rested or when there is perfection in the work design. The physical and emotional stresses may also disappear when the work surrounding and the tools and equipments are improved. In general, enhancement of the work conditions decreases the effects of ergonomic factors that results in physical and emotional constraints in workers within an organization (Nelson et al., 1995). In the circumstances that employees are open to the elements of human factors, the result is unending consequence. In fact, permanent impairments whether visual, hearing or any other physical bring on anxiety in employees. Such anxieties result in emotional stress, which in effect cause undesirable working state of affairs. The adverse work conditions again result in stress. Moreover, the physical dysfunctions such as the musculoskeletal disorders resulting into the permanent malfunctions and disability always bring about workers hopelessness, nervousness and downheartedness (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). The psychological stress will further result in the increased sensitivity on the receptors of pain within the eyes and other related muscles that will additionally result into more stress (Nelson et al., 1995). According to Sutherland and Cooper (2008), five important elements are significant in the control of the causes of stress in the work place. The scholars argue that when properly implemented within the work design, then the likelihood of the stresses caused by ergonomic misfits is drastically reduced. Nelson, Cooper, and Jackson (1995) argue that the person, the work surrounding, the workers responsibilities, the workers technological knowhow, as well as the general organization of the work are important in the reduction of both physical and psychological stress caused by human factors. The physical work environment The physical environment within the workplace includes all the natural features including the air quality, temperatures, humidity, lighting, and sounds that are critical for the survivability of the workers within the work environment (Spector, 2006). Physical features are elements within the work surrounding without which workers cannot survive. The physical features are capable of inducing sensory demands that have a direct effect on the capability of the worker to have the sense of hearing, obs erve and feel. The sense of hearing is affected by sound. The effects of extreme sound (noise) in the workplace causes stress. According to Sutherland and Cooper (2008), noise is the most outstanding ergonomic idiosyncrasy that results in stress. The workers may be frustrated in the situations where the conditions within the work surroundings are poor. The physical work environment must be conducive in order for the workers to be motivated (Nelson et al., 1995). The circumstances that the physical work environment results in the misgivings of the necessities of the workers and their abilities, the consequences are generalized fatigue and poor performance. The fatigue may be physical or sensory which causes psychological stress. The technological factors Technological aspects including, poor displays, incompatible controls, reduced response attributes of machines, putting up machines without being sensitive to physical conditions, operating difficulties of the technology, machines br eakdown, tools and equipments that reduces the workers performance are some of the technological factors that affect workers in the work place (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). With such technological problems, the likelihood of workers having more physical and psychological stress is high. The responsibilities The heavy workloads and pressure are the two most critical human factors that are aligned to the causes of the job stress (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). In both ways, too much work or little of it will cause stress. In the circumstances that the workers work under time pressure, may be needed to meet deadlines or in the situations where there are too much tasks to be accomplished, then the stress increases. In addition, the circumstances that the machines pacing the tasks are too quick or slow then the job stree increase. The workers have no cognitive satisfaction of the occupation responsibilities due to low task control (Nelson et al., 1995). From the human factors perspective, job responsibilities should be set using the scientific methods where time and output are evaluated according to the workers capabilities. The criteria such as the economic factors including the necessity to get better of the capital investments and the technological capacity should not be used to measure the workload (Spector, 2006). The organizational factors The human resources difficulties because of work environment normally originate from three categories of managerial characteristic of the occupation procedures. The ergonomic management aspects include work in shifts, uncalled-for work after the fullness of time, work paced by machines, as well as the assembly-line work (Spector, 2006). The shift work cause disturbances in the normal biological functioning of the body and in effect affects the psychological well being of the workers. The assembly line and the machine-paced work normally generate diminutive responsive everyday jobs disregarding the cognitive contents resulting int o low employees control over the work processes. The result is unwarranted physical and psychological stress. Unwarranted work after the full daytime can also result in the workers fatigue. In some instances, the overtime work may lead to undesirable psychosomatic effects including resentment and dispositional instability (Nelson et al., 1995). All these ergonomic managerial aspects may lead to psychogenic body malfunctions, which affects the general workers performance. Personal factors Personal factors are the factors that affect the individual behavior such as the anxiety and self-esteem. Behavioral factors interact with each other to cause work stresses to an individual especially in the circumstances that they are found to be the major cause of poor performance (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). The individual values and needs, the capabilities and the job experiences, age, ethnicity and well as the expected physical conditions interact to affect the individual performance, which in e ffect cause the job stress in case of deficiency. Moreover, genetic characteristics such as the physical composition, sex, reactivity, intelligence, introversion may also cause job stress in case they are found wanting (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). Other individual characteristics that are acquired such as the educational attainments and social class also affect the individual performance in the work place, which by extension may cause job stress. However, an organization can enhance some individual characteristics through the provision of an environment that encourage their growth. Competitive and challenging environment promotes these individual characteristics. The workers must always be encouraged towards the attainment of the set goals (Sutherland Cooper, 2008). The encouragement should not be based on the measured output in terms of returns on the investments rather on the individual input and capabilities. Motivation of workers forms the integral part of reducing work related stresses resulting from the personal factors. However, motivations are derived from an environment that is conducive and encouraging (Nelson et al., 1995). The motivating environment according to the context is that meet the expectations of the workers and the organization. Delta airlines case Definition of the functionality of human factors department In defining the functionality of human factor, an organization pursues its endeavors towards creating the place of work safer and less physically and psychologically stressful. By implementing the requirements of safety measures, the occupations and responsibilities of the human factor department should fully hold on the organization core strategies. While coming up with the strategies and safety measures, greater consideration should be given to various restrictions that are coined under the organizational and human factor principles. Consequently, the limitations must produce a work environment that is conducive for all the employee s in the organization. In considering these facts and limitations, it can be deduced that tools becomes more important aspect in an organization such as Delta airlines. In the main, safe institutions that make workplace less psychologically and physically traumatic and non-dangerous should exercise the following. First, with the localized short-term activities in rejoinder to active failures and long-standing measures in reaction to the dormant failures, an organization should react to the practical deficiencies of safety. Secondly, instead of the organization depending on the compliance of control, it should rely on the inner responsibility in order to realize safety objectives. Moreover, the organization should own a structure that is reliable by features of the surrounding and objectives of the institution. Similarly, an organizational structure must be designed with a particular extent of federal decision-making, standardized processes, and complexity (ICAO, 1993). Hence, Delta corporation revel in a safety corporate culture that is precisely healthy, good, and open. To permit for an applicable set of scales amid risk and production administration, the organization should advance the appropriate structures of managing the risks. Lastly, Delta esteems safety as the most significant contributor in accomplishing the objectives of production since the corp. pursues safety as a unique of the goals of the institution. The operating philosophy of Delta ergonomic factor department The organization should manage and pinpoint the philosophies that operate the department of human factor to transform the place of work become physically and psychologically stress free and safer. The identification and management of such situations that contribute to human errors enable an organization to remain the facilitator of excellence of human presentation. In fact, the nonexistence of accidents in an organization is no longer a dependable indicator of safety scheme. The ergonomi c factors as well as safety programs should exceed the benchmark defense efforts reacting to the emphasis of the least compliant values that are acceptable. Therefore, the departmental operating programs should ascertain and manage the disorders that result to human factor errors. An organization should identify and manage these errors whereas expediting a move en route to the excellence of human presentation. Nevertheless, quality should be incorporated at the corporate, small faction, as well as at employee levels as it can never be mandated. The set compliant principles should not be taken as the ultimate organizational safety arrangements of its operational systems. However, it should be cherished as inviolate. By taking into greater consideration of the features and dynamics that cause human errors, the organization is bound to achieve its precincts of work protection. Actually, the realization comes through enhanced human presentation in the identification and management of ci rcumstances that up shot errors committed by employees. In order for the organization to attain safety environment for its workers, it must put in place measures that drastically reduces human errors. Hence, the support, and coordination of high-ranking management provide an enormous continuum of a potential performance (ICAO, 1993). The human factor departmental mission and goals Well-pronounced mission and goals of the organization will help suppress the problem of psychological and physical stress and safety at workplace. The Delta operations expedite quality in the programs of human presentation as one of the institutional goals. The other goal of the organization is to succor in support and creation of programs for extenuation and management of human errors associated with jeopardy. Conversely, Deltaââ¬â¢s mission aims at risk management of human errors through human presentation analysis with deference to structure in support of operation, machineries, strategies, and emplo yees. The mission is essentially applicable in a number of diverse levels (Maurino et al. 1995). First, Delta projects at minimizing human errors and outlining work performance by arriving at the developments and adjustments. The corporation also uses management science, systems science, biomechanical, psychosocial, physiological, and psychological multiple disciples. Further, the institute employs all these missions in three levels that is task, conditions of work, and organization to meet this target. The six categories of Delta resource administration According to ICAO (1993), further categorization, definition, and identification of resource management are of great significance. Such categories in an organization will tend to render safety and lessen the situations of psychological and physical stress. Actually, it aims at engendering a methodical integration of set abilities of the resource administration into appraisals, training, processes, strategies, criteria, as well as do cuments. Putting together of the organizations human factor management precincts corresponds to the available technology the organization applies to control its resources. Actually, the pastry of resource administration is sliced in dissimilar ways in a number of institutions. The fact that Airline Company ought to establish a system of categorization is more important than how it categorizes the administration of its resources (ICAO, 1993). Accordingly, the groupings of ergonomic factors should not be judge in conformity to the way they are specified rather in compliance with the available technology in which they are applied. Organizational change to practical from theory The virtuous human resource presentation moralities are simple to a certain degree. Nevertheless, the only difficulty encountered is to decipher the HR straightforward perceptions namely guidance, credentials, processes, guidelines, and staffing standards into performance. Thus, there is need for a cursory compre hension by the organizational HR on the way of tying together the performance of human resource and acclimating to the demands of the environment. In fact, this would make the place of work a less psychologically and physically traumatic and non-dangerous place as the understanding will enable the organization to avail most airlines into the business. The Delta Corp director may edifice sound adaptations since the industry puts voice to the principles of human resource presentation increasingly (ICAO, 1993). The manager does this through objectively interlacing human principles factors into practices, processes, strategies, as well as ideas. Conversely, the scheduled carrier personnel and administrators should prolong the assimilation and understanding of human factors to produce excellence in human presentation. The extent of comprehension and integration should fall beyond a cursory consciousness and non-structured adaptations. Definitely, the initial task for the administrators i s to situate such comprehensive human resource administration principles and factors into organizational lingo. In the meantime, putting this into the organization language would enable every worker to understand the human resource management factors and principle. Besides, via a cohesive strategy and in total consistency, the HR should interlace such perceptions into education, configuration of the firm, credentials, processes, and guidelines. Hence, the organization should deal with the restriction of space promptly to further develop the subsequent tips of integration (Jones, 1993). The current workplace challenges and environment There are extensive accords all through the fiscal, regulatory, and operational organizations stipulating that the integration of resource management standards as well as the human or ergonomic factors into the assumed operational activities could be a noble action course. Similarly, the airline administrators have increasingly recognized that errors ca used by human are unavoidable. Most of these human faults stem from systems managed and operated by people, but the consequential circumstances causing such errors are manageable (Maurino et al. 1995). Often, the executive directors use both the ergonomic factors departmental units and human factors experts in helping the corporations to classify and manage situations and risks correlated to these errors. The operational triumphs and the management of psychologically as well as physically stressful workplaces fuel the interest of integrating ergonomic factors into the activities undertaken by an organization. To the airplane administrators, it is generally debatable whether a firm must examine ââ¬Ëprovisoââ¬â¢ instead of ââ¬Ëthe manner in whichââ¬â¢, the assets ought to be handled, and ergonomic aspects incorporated. Given that, employees become psychologically as well as physically stressed up with unsafe work environment, the proposal offers a decisive framework on how Delta Corporation should integrate ergonomic factors in its operations and management plans to make workplace less stressful and safer (Maurino et al. 1995). The proposal provides the nature of challenges encountered during integration, the departmental functionality of the ergonomic factors, the departmental units ergonomic factors attributes, the systems approach, and recommendations on how the organization can move to actions from the principles. The ergonomic factors integration challenges Workplaces normally become stressful and unsafe the moment the ergonomic factors administrators encounter challenges related to the translation of better ergonomic functional knowledge into practice. In fact, such integrations ought to be carried out with the entire organizational systems in order to realize sustainable transformation. In the ICAO (1993), the existing safety measures incorporate the extensive workforce safety dearth eminent in the organizational systems instead of solitary fu nctionality (p.1). The analytical proof permits the organizations to identify any management deficiency during the aviation systems operation and designing stages. When translating the ergonomic factors into science, the process should include a minimum of three stages namely the tasks, the place of work, and the organization. The organizational efforts relating to the management of resources and ergonomic factors must be directed mainly towards evaluating the training programs improvement and workforce attitudes. As it appears in the case firm, the plans for guiding the employees should not emerge affixed in seclusion. To avoid stress and keep workplace safe, the management of organizational resources and human factors should not be considered just as the employeesââ¬â¢ preparation intervention. Educating the organization employees and administration to understand that ergonomic factors go beyond the mere training is the major problem and challenge encountered by the director of human factors. The ergonomic activities difficulties at Delta Corporation that cause tension and insecurity amongst employees should have prepared resolutions recognizing the dependence as well as the effect of corporate and workplace parameters that outline traditions, actions, and outlook. In fact, both the corporate and individual problems causing stress and insecurity ought to be attended to in order to rectify the errors, which generate the workforce performance and conditional challenges. The firm traditions, employeesââ¬â¢ actions, and manners must be transformed at the managerial and at each workers rank. The most influential tool that Delta Corporation should use to shape the groups and individual employeesââ¬â¢ corporate culture is answerability (Jones, 1993). The organization must not allow the employees to violate the internalized occupational, health and safety principles. The traditions of Delta Corp need to describe the inclined manner and ethics that may put t he decisive and desirable conduct pressure needed from a set of personnel. The organization should also enforce standards and express disapproval of any wrongdoer by sanctioning whoever defies the set principles. The internalization at the organizational, small groups and individual levels are important given that they warrant that suitable ergonomic factors undertakings emerge as anticipated and become impulsive. The function and type of the department of human factors ought to be planned in such as way that the performances of all employees are affected. However, in order to influence the culture, behaviours, and attitudes of the workforce, Delta Corp needs to ensure that there is shared obligation towards systematically integrating ergonomic factors. Provided the values of human factors fail to be internalized either organizationally or independently, the possibility of sustaining organization practices would be considerably abridged (Jones, 1993). Thus, all Delta Corp workers sh ould attach relevance and internalize the oriented corporate ergonomic factors standards. The Delta Corp division assuming the ergonomic aspects should bear the intensity and contact width in order to outline the managerial traditions, manners, and outlook. The reach can hardly be attained devoid of being committed to the general incorporation of human factors. The short-range ensnare must be shunned In order to reduce stress and make Delta Corp workplace safer, the workforce activities dearth and faults should be rectified frequently while cracking down on the group or each employeeââ¬â¢s problems including offering further guidance and imposition of penalties. In fact, educating employees and ordering for discipline appears to be the most familiar, easiest, and prompt retort to human deficiencies. There are occasions when employees training and discipline could correctly respond to the human performance incidents, accidents, or deficiencies. Such quick fixes while often drawn o n by organizations as stress and safety strap ups, they hardly rectify the root causes and general problems (Jones, 1993). However, quick fixes tend to send memorandum and training vaccinations intended to alter the performances of each employees devoid of taking into account the managerial and departmental constituents, which carve up the employeesââ¬â¢ performances. A briefing and a memo, which are forms of quick fixes often, alter the actions of employees temporarily. The fundamental practical guidelines for the organization, department, and individual employees nonetheless force back the employeesââ¬â¢ actions to the initial statuses except when the basic systems become preset. Prior to looking afar each employee performances, Dealt Corp should classify and appraise both the managerial and universal factors shaping such performances. Indeed, an undemanding ââ¬Ëquick fix of Delta operatorsââ¬â¢ strategy to the ergonomic or human actions tend to neglect the impacts and certainty of additional universal suppliers. Therefore, to generate unrelenting consequences on each individual action, the ergonomic factors plan adopted by Delta Corp should deal with the corporate procedures and structures, which influence culture, actions, and employees attitudes (Jones, 1993). The departmental human factors attributes The subsequent section details most aspects of the ergonomic factors, which ought to constitute the fundamental components and function of the Delta Corp human departments to lessen stress and increase the level of safety. Enough resources for sustaining change The department of human factors at Delta Corp should have adequate resources including loyalty, equipment, funds, and personnel to assist in upholding the integrated plans and departments. The incorporation of ergonomics factors into the Delta Corp culture can be equated to growing vegetation in scorched atmosphere. That is, such human factors should be supported and nurtured up to the tim e when they can live on their own. The perception can similarly be applied to the whole Delta Corp ergonomic factor divisions given that it incorporates each ergonomic factor ventures (Jones, 1993). Hence, to lessen stress and minimize insecurity issues, the company must avoid the quick fixes strategies that could take it back to the starting points without compensating for the time and funds used. Delta Corp must concentrate on a single commercial point for constancy Most corporations assume ergonomic factors oriented training, documents, procedures, policies, and programs spread across the business units. The manager of ergonomic factors should make the performance plans consistent and seal the cracks that may be present to cause insecurity and stress. Besides, Delta Corp is required to ensure that all ergonomic agendas should be expressed in lingos understood by all employees and adapted to achieve the purpose of the corporation. It is also essential that Delta Corp should have i ts business level point of focus addressing ergonomic factors associated with individual as well as organizational growth and development (Jones, 1993). The centre of concentration will warrant constancy whereas classifying and curtaining the copying of individualsââ¬â¢ hard work. Thus, the universal adjustments to the Delta Corp practices, processes, policies, and values should be dependable athwart corporate limits in order to become a component of the companyââ¬â¢s managerial style and traditions. Corporate reach and placement The ergonomic factors administrator should be given the power to attend to employees incorporated in the organizational operations. More often, Delta Corp can appear to be stressful and insecure due to the systemic difficulties and ergonomic errors emanating from the inadequate communication systems in all the operational boundaries and athwart departments. In fact, it should hardly be assumed that each employee affecting the procedures and structure of Delta Corp might have an extensive ergonomic factors scientific knowledge to be capable of classifying and integrating such tenets (Jones, 1993). Recommendations To improve employee capability in an organization, the HR department should train workforces and managers on how to utilize human factor principles continually. There should be leverage and credentials relating to the corporation resources, programs, and individuals that are in existence. Besides, the managers should acclimatize to the limitations or fix the system as parameters to the identification of deficiencies in human presentation and jeopardy. Rather than letting a solitary merge, the organizational executives should proactively develop a departmental structure to initiate a stress free and safety-working place. The department of human resource management should succor the administrators to practice and improve human performance feedback schemes and risk administration. Further, to bear on the encounters and diff iculties, the managers should create operational archetypes and solutions besides bringing sciences into use. Finally, the corporation managers should try to report, evaluate, and identify the conditions that produce error to the management and bottlenecks encountered in performance of human resource. Conclusion Ergonomic factors have become part of the strategies used in the management of organizations and employees. Nevertheless, errors made by people normally appear as distinct variables, which should be properly supervised to increase opportunities and minimize the ergonomics challenges. Thus, to reduce incidents of accidents, insecurity and stress amongst employees and in the organization, Delta Corp must incorporate ergonomic factors in all the management aspects. The human factors should be included in the universal strategy geared towards improving the performances of employees. ICAO. Human Factors Management and Organization: Human Factors Digest. Montreal: ICAO, 1993. Pri nt. Jones, Becker. The Four Domains Affecting Job Performance: Internal Document, Delta Air Lines. Atlanta: DA, 1993. Print Maurino, Daniel, Reason James and Johnston Neil: Beyond Aviation Human Factors. Vermont, USA: Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 1995. Print. Nelson, Adrian, Cooper Cary, and Jackson Paul. ââ¬Å"Uncertainty amidst Change: The Impact of Privatization on Employees Job Satisfaction and Well-Being.â⬠Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 68.16 (1995): 57-71. Print Spector, Paul. ââ¬Å"Perceived Control by Employees, a Meta-Analysis of Studies Concerning Autonomy and Participation at Work.â⬠Human Relations, 39.11 (2006): 1005-1016. Print. Sutherland, Johnson and Cooper, Cary. Occupational Stress: Issues and Developments in Research. London: Taylor and Francis, 2008. Print. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-66073750038110231002019-11-21T14:01:00.001-08:002019-11-21T14:01:02.816-08:00The impact of technology on today's lifestyle EssayThe impact of technology on today's lifestyle - Essay Example Moreover, a sociological increase into the way in which technology has shifted interpersonal dynamics, relationships, and communication has been conducted by a variety of researchers and convincingly pointed to the fact that the current era of texting, instant messaging, Facebook et al has significantly decreased the amount of time that individuals spend in face-to-face communication and has moved society convincingly towards something of a more introverted nature. Although introversion in and of itself is not necessarily a poor character trait, it must be noted that the overuse and reliance upon these technological tools which have already been discussed has created a dynamic by which formerly extroverted individuals are merely introverted and carrying out a great deal of interpersonal communication that one might otherwise carry out face-to-face via the Internet or other technologically enabled means. However, communication is not the only thing that suffers from an overdependence upon technology. As will be discussed next, memory recall and the perennial knowledge that any and all information can be readily retrieved has created a situation in which memory and the ability to recall tidbits of information are placed at a much lower premium than they might have been in an era in which the likes of Google or other prominent technological means by which data can be retrieved had existed. As can be seen, there is something to be said for the amount of memory recall that individual can possess and leverage as a means of readily interjecting key understandings and tidbits of fact, data, and history into conversations and pertinent situations. However, with an overdependence upon technology has, situation in which individuals have placed this premium of memory and recall far down on the list of priorities; choosing instead to merely jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-8044089746908059212019-11-20T14:30:00.001-08:002019-11-20T14:30:07.683-08:00Attend a Live Musical Event Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsAttend a Live Musical Event - Research Paper Example Melody is a sequence of musical tones in a form that is familiar to the ear. Harmony refers to a collection of tones heard all together. Key in music is also called tonality of music. The volume of the note is known as the dynamics of the music. Timber is also known as tone color. Many dissimilar forms of sounds can be generated from the same instrument. Musical form is the group of all elements in a rational form, which involves the style of the music. The musical style selected in this topic is jazz music, which is a kind of popular music with some improvisation on melody and rhythm that originated in 1900s. ââ¬Å"Adam Meckler is a professional trumpet player, composer and educator living in Saint Paul, MNââ¬Å"(ââ¬Å"Adammecklerbioâ⬠para.1). He plays frequently with his quintet, the Adam Meckler Quintet, and his big band, The Adam Meckler Orchestra. Adam has toured all over the world as a performer with bands. The Setting or Occasion The music is performed in one of the T win Cities where the original music is being played by modern jazz big bands, and features some of the most exciting young jazz musicians from the Twin Cities. There were so many fans assembled in the Oââ¬â¢Garaââ¬â¢s Shamrock Room to come and enjoy the music of this interesting band. The city features local music events, concerts and music festivals in all the areas. The Concert Program Works on the program During the course of the concert, he played ââ¬Å"Once upon a Sunrise,â⬠ââ¬Å"Skyline,â⬠ââ¬Å"Days of Wine and Roses,â⬠ââ¬Å"The World If I Could,â⬠ââ¬Å"The Tao of Heavy D,â⬠ââ¬Å"Song for BB,â⬠ââ¬Å"Sparkly Eyes,â⬠and ââ¬Å"Beautiful Beatrice.â⬠All the performances were mind blowing. He played the ââ¬Å"Song for BBâ⬠as a tribute to Bob Brooke Meyer who was a famous jazz musician, composer, arranger and educator and who unfortunately passed away in the previous year. Composition of Orchestra/Ensemble He has pe rformed with famous orchestras all over the world. In the concert held at St. Paul, his orchestra included an 18 piece big band consisting of maestros playing instruments such as trumpets by Zack Lozier, Tom Krochock, Sten Johnson, Noah Ophoven-Baldwin, and Cameron Kinghorn; saxophones by Jason Fabus, Nelson Devereaux, Ben Doherty, Tyler Anderson, and Angie Hirsch; drums by Pete Hennig; trombones by Keith Hilson, DJ Clovis, Mason Hemmer, Nathan Berry; bass played by Chris Bates; guitar by Evan Montgomery; and finally the keyboards by Steven Hobert. Variety of Musical Forms Composers The original compositions and arrangements of the music were done by Adam Meckler himself for some of the songs he played at the concert. Apart from this, he has also played the music composed by other musicians such as Eric Clapton (ââ¬Å"The World If I Couldâ⬠), Henry Mancini (ââ¬Å"Days of Wine and Rosesâ⬠), and Adam Meckler (ââ¬Å"Song for BBâ⬠). The Musical Work The Musical Form Th ough the musical instrumentation is that of a traditional jazz big band, the music is influenced by modern pop, rock as well as gospel. The musical form ranges from traditional New Orleans tunes and Mardis Gras favorites to funk ââ¬Ënââ¬â¢ soul hits. Movements or Parts It was very interesting to see Adam Meckler and his ââ¬Å"18 piece bandâ⬠perform live on stage. They performed in great accordance with the electronic sounds of the musical instruments (ââ¬Å"Adam Meckler Orchestraâ⬠para.1). Musical Theme and Motifs The theme of music performed by Adam Meckler is a mixture of pop and jazz style. Almost all the music is produced to make the audiences jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-2329674148721764702019-11-18T11:22:00.001-08:002019-11-18T11:22:04.930-08:00Contradicting and Acquisition Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsContradicting and Acquisition - Assignment Example Appropriation does not necessarily represent cash. Instead, it represents the amount for a given purpose as stated in the appropriation act which the companies are obligated to during a given period as noted in the appropriation act. It is most important for it helps the companies spend federal funds (Warde, 2010). Difference between authorization and appropriation: The constitution usually grants its Congress the power of appropriation for agencies and federal spending. The federal programs are authorized by some Senate rules and activities of appropriation follows. Congress usually breaks the rules because the rules carry no constitutional weight or no statutory weight. The authorization-appropriation process serves as a highway in enacting federal spending. So the Congress is authorized before appropriation takes place whereby budget authority is provided to federal agencies that incur obligations and make payment out of the treasury (Gibbler, 2006). Obligations: Legal actions or responsibilities made by federal agencies at a given period. The actions may include different transactions made by them and they may include the number of orders received, services received, different contracts awarded among others. Obligation results to the amount of payment made including advances, amount of checks issued, reimbursement and net of refunds during the same period or in the future (Smith, 1976). Expenditure: It is a charge on current cash that results when agencies settle an obligation as evidenced by receipts, voucher, and invoice. Federal agencies spend authorized funds in some of the federal programs. Gross outlays are disbursement that is, cash, and fewer funds received. Net outlays involve disbursement minus reimbursement collected.à jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-85831648171651558962019-11-15T23:55:00.001-08:002019-11-15T23:55:04.810-08:00Diabetes Mellitus and Erectile DysfunctionsDiabetes Mellitus and Erectile Dysfunctions CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders which is characterized by chronic hyperglycemic condition with elevated blood glucose levels (Kohei., 2010). It may be either impaired insulin production or inability of cells to respond properly to the insulin synthesized from beta cells (Rudolf et al., 2012). There are majorly two types of diabetes- Type I or Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Type II or Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.The later condition is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia along with a risk of thrombolytic and atherosclerotic disorders that mainly affect the cerebral, peripheral and coronary arterial trees (Grant., 2007). Diabetes is associated with various complications including micro vascular and macro vascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and erectile dysfunctions. 1.1.1 Type-I Diabetes (IDDM or Juvenile onset Diabetes Mellitus) Type I is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in thepancreas The ultimate lack of insulin leads to enhanced blood and urine glucose. The hallmark symptoms are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss. The reason of diabetes mellitus type 1 is unknown. Type 1 diabetes can be distinguished from type 2 by autoantibody testing. TheC-peptide assay can also be used to measure endogenous insulin production. Global the number of people with DM type 1 is unknown. It is estimated that about 80,000 children developed the disease a year. Numbers of people who currently have the disease in the United States are possibly as much as three million. Rates varies from a low of 1 per 100,000 in Japan and China to 8 to 17 per 100,000 in Northern Europe and the U.S., to a high of about 35 per 100,000 in Scandinavia Caused by immune destruction of beta cells of the pancreas. Antibodies to islet cells and insulin are observed at diagnosis. Insulin secretion gradually decreases. May present at any age but most common in childhood and adolescence. Insulin by sc injection is necessary for survival. Contributing factors:- Genetic predisposition, Environmental trigger (infection or stress) 1.1.2 Type- II Diabetes (NIDDM or Adult onset Diabetes Mellitus) Type II diabetes may be caused either by insulin resistance in the liver and skeletal muscle, or enhanced glucose production in liver, or excess production of free fatty acids by fat cells and insulin deficiency. Insulin secretion diminishes with gradual beta cell failure. Reductions in blood glucose levels can be achieved with changes in food intake and also physical activity patterns. Oral medication and/or insulin injections are finally required. Contributing factors: Obesity Age (onset of puberty is associated with increased insulin resistance) Lack of physical activity Genetic predisposition Racial/ethnic background (Native American, African American Hispanic and Pacific/Asian Islander) Conditions associated with insulin resistance as in polycystic ovary syndrome 1.2 Penile Anatomy The penis composed of three bodies of erectile tissue which run in parallel; the corpus spongiosum, surrounding urethra and terminating in glans penis and the two corpora cavernosa (CC) function as blood-filled capacitors which provide structure to the erect organ (Andersson et al., 1995). The penile CC is highly organised vascular structures which are morphologically acclimatised to their function of becoming engorged of sexual arousal. The trabecular smooth muscle comprises approximately 40-50% tissue cross-sectional area, as evaluated by histomorphometric analysis (Nehra et al., 1998). There are three main arteries in penis ie, cavernosal, dorsal and bulbourethral. These three arise from a shared branch of internal pudendal artery and provide an immense anastomotic network (Tiee et al., 2010). Nowadays, there is a tendency to Role of Arginase Inhibitor and Alpha-Tocopherol in Streptozotocin Induced Sexual Impairment in Male Rats 2013-14à perform experiments using pudendal artery in vitro instead of cavernosal tissue to check pathophysiological aspects of ED as this artery is the vital resistance of penile engogerment during sexual stimulation. Novel research suggests that pudendal artery contributes about 70% of total penile vascular resistence (Manabe et al., 2000). The blood supply in CC is mainly fed from the penile cavernosal artery (Andersson et al., 1995) which causes corporal engorgment during erection, whereas deep dorsal artery causes glans enlargement but venous drainage is not similar to the arterial supply; there has only one deep dorsal vein which runs alongside dorsal arteries and nerves in the Buckââ¬â¢s fascia above the tunica albuginea which is a multilayered organized structure where emissary veins pass. The penile venous system is generally stated as a single deep dorsal vein along with a pair of dorsal arteries located between tunica albuginea and Buckââ¬â¢s fascia for venous drainage (Moscovici et al., 1999). The corpus spongiosu m which is erectile tissue analogous to CC but with thinner tunica albuginea. The urethra lies inside the spongiosum. The innervations of penis is both autonomic ie, sympathetic and parasympathetic and somatic ie, sensory and motor. From the neurons present in the spinal cord peripheral ganglia, the sympathetic with parasympathetic nerves merge to form cavernous nerves, which enter in CC and corpus spongiosum for affecting the neurovascular events during detumescence and tumescence (Dean et al., 2005). 1.3 Physiology of Penile Erection Penile erection involves central and peripheral pathways. Tumescence initiated after central integration and processing of visual, tactile, olfactory and imaginative stimuli. At the initial of sexual stimulation, signals are generated to peripheral tissues involved. Hence final response is mediated by coordinating spinal activity through the autonomic pathways to penis, and also in somatic pathways to perineal striated muscles. Both of the central and peripheral regulation of the PE involves several neurotransmitters, of which details are still incompletely known. Spinally, there may be a network consisting of the primary afferents from the genitals along with spinal interneurons, sympathetic, parasympathetic and (somatic) nuclei, which is capable to integrate all information. Peripherally, a balance between substances which control the degree of contraction of cavernosal smooth muscle determining the functional state of the penis (Gratzke et al., 2010). The dynamic interplay between vasoconstrictors and vasodilators within the penis establish the state of erect or flaccid. PE is determined by the pressure changes in cavernosal arterioles and sinuses. The vasculature nature of the erectile mechanism differs from most of the vascular beds as it is comprised of arterioles and hollow blood-filled sinuses, both that are lined with endothelial cells and smooth muscle (Dean et al., 2005) as previously described. During flaccidity, this tissue is tonically contracted which allow only a small amount of arterial flow regarding nutritional purposes. Partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in blood is around 35mmHg (Sattar et al., 1995). On the other hand, dilation of penile arteries is the primary event in the consequence of erection jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1504780842799533898.post-80110170937683377172019-11-13T12:25:00.001-08:002019-11-13T12:25:05.222-08:00God and the Absolute Law :: Religion TheologyGod and the Absolute Law This vast universe, which we understand so little of, is governed by a set of rules and principles which were laid down since the dawn of time. The universe was created by God and it is He who laid down these rules. It is also He who created time and then created life out of nothingness. While doing so, He also instructed us how to spend our lives and told us what is right and what is wrong. In other words, He told us what to do and what not to do, and we, each and everyone of us, is bound to concur and abide by these rules. Culture and race is irrelevant ; these laws are absolute and are meant for every individual. One of the laws and/or rules tells us that the human body and the soul is not our own and we have no right to harm it in any way. We do not own them since it is not us who gave them form but it is God who gave them to us for a finite period of time. We value this human life and it is our natural instinct to save ourselves from any harm. It is every man^s constant will to survive. This is a form of an absolute law which governs our every action. It cannot be called a fabrication of mankind because ever since the dawn of time, every human being has fought for his/her own survival. It is ingrained into our nature to try to protect ourselves. So it must be absolute. Theft is another aspect of life which is governed by an absolute law. God gave us life and he provides for each and everyone of us. He bestows us with what we deserve ; nothing more, nothing less. And He told us that we have no right to steal anything from anyone else because it does not belong to us and was not meant for us. This concept, that stealing some else^s property is bad, is also included in mankind^s nature. And therefore it is an absolute law. Examples of thieves and robbers do not refute the existence of the absolute law because they are just people who do not have a strong belief in themselves. They fail to realize that they have everything they deserve and that they should be thankful for what they do have. God and the Absolute Law :: Religion Theology God and the Absolute Law This vast universe, which we understand so little of, is governed by a set of rules and principles which were laid down since the dawn of time. The universe was created by God and it is He who laid down these rules. It is also He who created time and then created life out of nothingness. While doing so, He also instructed us how to spend our lives and told us what is right and what is wrong. In other words, He told us what to do and what not to do, and we, each and everyone of us, is bound to concur and abide by these rules. Culture and race is irrelevant ; these laws are absolute and are meant for every individual. One of the laws and/or rules tells us that the human body and the soul is not our own and we have no right to harm it in any way. We do not own them since it is not us who gave them form but it is God who gave them to us for a finite period of time. We value this human life and it is our natural instinct to save ourselves from any harm. It is every man^s constant will to survive. This is a form of an absolute law which governs our every action. It cannot be called a fabrication of mankind because ever since the dawn of time, every human being has fought for his/her own survival. It is ingrained into our nature to try to protect ourselves. So it must be absolute. Theft is another aspect of life which is governed by an absolute law. God gave us life and he provides for each and everyone of us. He bestows us with what we deserve ; nothing more, nothing less. And He told us that we have no right to steal anything from anyone else because it does not belong to us and was not meant for us. This concept, that stealing some else^s property is bad, is also included in mankind^s nature. And therefore it is an absolute law. Examples of thieves and robbers do not refute the existence of the absolute law because they are just people who do not have a strong belief in themselves. They fail to realize that they have everything they deserve and that they should be thankful for what they do have. jb0236648http://www.blogger.com/profile/17990674080655318591noreply@blogger.com0